ADDED original IPS file format documentation by Z.e.r.o (from archive.org, as his site is down)
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<html><head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
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<!-- base href="http://zerosoft.zophar.net.way_back_stub/ips.htm" -->
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<title>:: ZeroSoft ::</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="ips-Dateien/common.css">
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</head><body topmargin="0" leftmargin="0" bgcolor="#ffffff">
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<!--#include virtual="panels/top.htm"-->
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<div align="center">
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<table border="0">
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<tbody><tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top">
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<!--#include virtual="panels/menu.htm"-->
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</td>
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<td valign="top">
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<!-- Main Body Table -->
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tbody><tr>
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<td class="title" align="center">
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<p class="title">IPS File Format</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p><b>IPS specifications.</b><br>
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IPS format was created a lot of time ago and so the specs for many people are too restrictive for the modern needs.
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Well, let see these specs.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>IPS files can patch every file not larger than 2^24-1 bits (2047 Mb)</li>
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<li>Every patch should not be larger than 2^16-1 bits (7.99 Mb)</li>
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<li>An
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IPS file can hold as many patches he can, assumed that the specified
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offset and the size of every single patch doesn't overflow the
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specified bounds.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>As you should realize it isn't so restrictive... 8 )</p>
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<p><b>IPS file format</b><br>
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The IPS file structure is made just like that:</p>
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<table bgcolor="#000080" border="0" width="100%">
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<tbody><tr>
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<td bgcolor="#800080" width="32%"><font color="#ffffff" size="2" face="Arial"><b>Section</b></font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#800080" width="33%"><font color="#ffffff" size="2" face="Arial"><b>Size (Bytes)</b></font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#800080" width="85%"><font color="#ffffff" size="2" face="Arial"><b>Description</b></font></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="32%"><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New">Header</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="33%"><font size="2" face="Arial">5</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%"><font size="2" face="Arial">The header show ever the same string: </font><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New"> PATCH</font><font size="2" face="Arial"> note that the string is not NULL terminated.</font></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="32%"><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New">Record</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="33%"><font size="2" face="Arial">3+2+Variable</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%"><font size="2" face="Arial">It's the record of a single patch, see below</font></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="32%"><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New">....</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="33%"> </td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%"><font size="2" face="Arial">The numbers of record may vary</font></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="32%"><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New">End Of file marker</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="33%"><font size="2" face="Arial">3</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%"><font size="2" face="Arial">A string (not NULL terminated) saying </font><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New"> EOF</font></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody></table>
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<p><b>IPS Record structure:</b></p>
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<table bgcolor="#000080" border="0" width="100%">
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<tbody><tr>
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<td bgcolor="#800080" width="22%"><font color="#ffffff" size="2" face="Arial"><b>Section</b></font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#800080" width="25%"><font color="#ffffff" size="2" face="Arial"><b>Size (Bytes)</b></font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#800080" width="53%"><font color="#ffffff" size="2" face="Arial"><b>Description</b></font></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="22%"><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New">Offset</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="25%"><font size="2" face="Arial">3</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="53%"><font size="2" face="Arial">The offset where the patch will be placed in the file to patch</font></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="22%"><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New">Size</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="25%"><font size="2" face="Arial">2</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="53%"><font size="2" face="Arial">The size of the data to put from the specified offset in the patching file</font></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="22%"><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New">Data</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="25%"><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New">Size</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="53%"><font size="2" face="Arial">Contains a number of Size bytes of data to be copied in the file to patch </font></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody></table>
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<p>And that's the info you can find around. Now the technical stuff and RLE infos.</p>
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<p><b>IPS RLE encoding</b><br>
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The next big step in the comprehension of the IPS format is that some patches can be RLE encoded to save space. The
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encoding is very simple but can easily be overlooked if someone is not aware of that. If when you read the size value
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of a record this field contains 0 you have a RLE encoded patch. You should read again a 16 bit value to obtain the size
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of the RLE patch and then you should read a single byte. This byte must be repeated as many times as the value of the
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second 16 bit read. An IPS RLE Record should look like that:</p>
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<p><font color="#000080" size="2" face="Arial">IPS RLE Record structure:</font></p>
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<table bgcolor="#000080" border="0" width="100%">
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<tbody><tr>
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<td bgcolor="#800080" width="28%"><font color="#ffffff" size="2" face="Arial"><b>Section</b></font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#800080" width="26%"><font color="#ffffff" size="2" face="Arial"><b>Size(Bytes)</b></font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#800080" width="100%"><font color="#ffffff" size="2" face="Arial"><b>Description</b></font></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="28%"><p><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New">Offset</font></p></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="26%"><font size="2" face="Arial">3</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="100%"><font size="2" face="Arial">Any Value</font></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="28%"><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New">Size</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="26%"><font size="2" face="Arial">2</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="100%"><font size="2" face="Arial">0</font></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="28%"><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New">RLE_Size</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="26%"><font size="2" face="Arial">2</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="100%"><font size="2" face="Arial">Any nonzero value</font></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="28%"><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New">Value</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="26%"><font size="2" face="Arial">1</font></td>
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<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="100%"><font size="2" face="Arial">This is the value to write </font><font color="#800080" size="2" face="Courier New">RLE_Size</font><font size="2" face="Arial"> times starting from Offset</font></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody></table>
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<p> </p>
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<p><b>Encoding Of Offset and Size</b><br>
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For peoples using low level languages a little bytes-swapping is needed to make read right the values of Offset and Size.
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These values are written linearly, just like Pascal and Basic does when handling numerical variables. The problem is that
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low level languages like ASM and C/C++ use the same endianess format of the machine, so every couple of two bytes are
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swapped. A 16 bit value is written like this in the IPS: 0x6712, a 24 bit value in this way: 0x671234. If read with a low
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level language they'll throw up: 0x1267 and 0x341267 respectively. Here two C macros that does
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the conversion after you read them. bp should be a char array:</p>
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<p><font size="2" face="Courier"><font color="#800080">#define BYTE3_TO_UINT(bp) \<br>
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(((unsigned int)(bp)[0] << 16) & 0x00FF0000) | \<br>
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(((unsigned int)(bp)[1] << 8) & 0x0000FF00) | \<br>
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((unsigned int)(bp)[2] & 0x000000FF)<br><br>
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#define BYTE2_TO_UINT(bp) \<br>
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(((unsigned int)(bp)[0] << 8) & 0xFF00) | \<br>
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((unsigned int) (bp)[1] & 0x00FF)</font></font></p>
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<p>16 bit compiler users may find useful to substitute <font size="2" face="Courier">unsigned int</font>
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<font size="2" face="Arial"> to </font><font size="2" face="Courier New">unsigned</font><font size="2" face="Arial">
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</font><font size="2" face="Courier New">long in </font><font size="2" face="Arial">
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the </font><font size="2" face="Courier New">BYTE3_TO_UINT</font><font size="2" face="Arial"> macro...</font></p>
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<p><font size="2" face="Arial">Real simple once someone has hacked the format for you, isn't it?</font></p>
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<p align="right"><b><a href="mailto:z.e.r.o@softhome.net"><font color="#800080" size="3" face="Arial">Z.e.r.o</font></a></b></p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody></table>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody></table>
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</div>
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<!--#include virtual="panels/bottom.htm"-->
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<!-- SOME LINK HREF'S ON THIS PAGE HAVE BEEN REWRITTEN BY THE WAYBACK MACHINE
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OF THE INTERNET ARCHIVE IN ORDER TO PRESERVE THE TEMPORAL INTEGRITY OF THE SESSION. -->
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<script language="Javascript">
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<!--
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// FILE ARCHIVED ON 20080130070707 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE
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// INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 20081022200411.
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// JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE.
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// ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C.
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// SECTION 108(a)(3)).
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var sWayBackCGI = "http://web.archive.org/web/20080130070707/";
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function xResolveUrl(url) {
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var image = new Image();
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image.src = url;
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return image.src;
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}
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function xLateUrl(aCollection, sProp) {
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var i = 0;
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for(i = 0; i < aCollection.length; i++) {
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var url = aCollection[i][sProp]; if (typeof(url) == "string") {
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if (url.indexOf("mailto:") == -1 &&
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url.indexOf("javascript:") == -1
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&& url.length > 0) {
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if(url.indexOf("http") != 0) {
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url = xResolveUrl(url);
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}
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url = url.replace('.way_back_stub','');
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aCollection[i][sProp] = sWayBackCGI + url;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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xLateUrl(document.getElementsByTagName("IMG"),"src");
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xLateUrl(document.getElementsByTagName("A"),"href");
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xLateUrl(document.getElementsByTagName("AREA"),"href");
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xLateUrl(document.getElementsByTagName("OBJECT"),"codebase");
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xLateUrl(document.getElementsByTagName("OBJECT"),"data");
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xLateUrl(document.getElementsByTagName("APPLET"),"codebase");
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xLateUrl(document.getElementsByTagName("APPLET"),"archive");
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xLateUrl(document.getElementsByTagName("EMBED"),"src");
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xLateUrl(document.getElementsByTagName("BODY"),"background");
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xLateUrl(document.getElementsByTagName("TD"),"background");
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xLateUrl(document.getElementsByTagName("INPUT"),"src");
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var forms = document.getElementsByTagName("FORM");
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if (forms) {
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var j = 0;
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for (j = 0; j < forms.length; j++) {
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f = forms[j];
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if (typeof(f.action) == "string") {
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if(typeof(f.method) == "string") {
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if(typeof(f.method) != "post") {
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f.action = sWayBackCGI + f.action;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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//-->
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</script>
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</body></html>
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