Merge pull request #503 from yuriks/kernel-lifetime4

Kernel Lifetime Reform Pt. 4

src/common/common_funcs.h

@@ -31,6 +31,10 @@ template<> struct CompileTimeAssert<true> {};
 
 #define ARRAY_SIZE(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]))
 
+/// Textually concatenates two tokens. The double-expansion is required by the C preprocessor.
+#define CONCAT2(x, y) DO_CONCAT2(x, y)
+#define DO_CONCAT2(x, y) x ## y
+
 #ifndef _MSC_VER
 
 #include <errno.h>

src/common/scope_exit.h

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+
 namespace detail {
     template <typename Func>
     struct ScopeExitHelper {
@@ -34,4 +36,4 @@ namespace detail {
  * }
  * \endcode
  */
-#define SCOPE_EXIT(body) auto scope_exit_helper_##__LINE__ = detail::ScopeExit([&]() body)
+#define SCOPE_EXIT(body) auto CONCAT2(scope_exit_helper_, __LINE__) = detail::ScopeExit([&]() body)

src/core/hle/function_wrappers.h

@@ -33,114 +33,105 @@ static inline void FuncReturn64(u64 res) {
 }
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Function wrappers that return type s32
+// Function wrappers that return type ResultCode
 
-template<s32 func(u32, u32, u32, u32)> void Wrap() {
+template<ResultCode func(u32, u32, u32, u32)> void Wrap() {
-    FuncReturn(func(PARAM(0), PARAM(1), PARAM(2), PARAM(3)));
+    FuncReturn(func(PARAM(0), PARAM(1), PARAM(2), PARAM(3)).raw);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(u32, u32, u32, u32, u32)> void Wrap() {
+template<ResultCode func(u32*, u32, u32, u32, u32, u32)> void Wrap(){
-    FuncReturn(func(PARAM(0), PARAM(1), PARAM(2), PARAM(3), PARAM(4)));
-}
-
-template<s32 func(u32*, u32, u32, u32, u32, u32)> void Wrap(){
     u32 param_1 = 0;
-    u32 retval = func(&param_1, PARAM(0), PARAM(1), PARAM(2), PARAM(3), PARAM(4));
+    u32 retval = func(&param_1, PARAM(0), PARAM(1), PARAM(2), PARAM(3), PARAM(4)).raw;
     Core::g_app_core->SetReg(1, param_1);
     FuncReturn(retval);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(s32*, u32*, s32, bool, s64)> void Wrap() {
+template<ResultCode func(s32*, u32*, s32, bool, s64)> void Wrap() {
     s32 param_1 = 0;
     s32 retval = func(&param_1, (Handle*)Memory::GetPointer(PARAM(1)), (s32)PARAM(2),
-        (PARAM(3) != 0), (((s64)PARAM(4) << 32) | PARAM(0)));
+        (PARAM(3) != 0), (((s64)PARAM(4) << 32) | PARAM(0))).raw;
     Core::g_app_core->SetReg(1, (u32)param_1);
     FuncReturn(retval);
 }
 
-// TODO(bunnei): Is this correct? Probably not - Last parameter looks wrong for ArbitrateAddress
+template<ResultCode func(u32, u32, u32, u32, s64)> void Wrap() {
-template<s32 func(u32, u32, u32, u32, s64)> void Wrap() {
+    FuncReturn(func(PARAM(0), PARAM(1), PARAM(2), PARAM(3), (((s64)PARAM(5) << 32) | PARAM(4))).raw);
-    FuncReturn(func(PARAM(0), PARAM(1), PARAM(2), PARAM(3), (((s64)PARAM(5) << 32) | PARAM(4))));
 }
 
-template<s32 func(u32*)> void Wrap(){
+template<ResultCode func(u32*)> void Wrap(){
     u32 param_1 = 0;
-    u32 retval = func(&param_1);
+    u32 retval = func(&param_1).raw;
     Core::g_app_core->SetReg(1, param_1);
     FuncReturn(retval);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(u32, s64)> void Wrap() {
+template<ResultCode func(u32, s64)> void Wrap() {
-    FuncReturn(func(PARAM(0), (((s64)PARAM(3) << 32) | PARAM(2))));
+    FuncReturn(func(PARAM(0), (((s64)PARAM(3) << 32) | PARAM(2))).raw);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(void*, void*, u32)> void Wrap(){
+template<ResultCode func(void*, void*, u32)> void Wrap(){
-    FuncReturn(func(Memory::GetPointer(PARAM(0)), Memory::GetPointer(PARAM(1)), PARAM(2)));
+    FuncReturn(func(Memory::GetPointer(PARAM(0)), Memory::GetPointer(PARAM(1)), PARAM(2)).raw);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(s32*, u32)> void Wrap(){
+template<ResultCode func(s32*, u32)> void Wrap(){
     s32 param_1 = 0;
-    u32 retval = func(&param_1, PARAM(1));
+    u32 retval = func(&param_1, PARAM(1)).raw;
     Core::g_app_core->SetReg(1, param_1);
     FuncReturn(retval);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(u32, s32)> void Wrap() {
+template<ResultCode func(u32, s32)> void Wrap() {
-    FuncReturn(func(PARAM(0), (s32)PARAM(1)));
+    FuncReturn(func(PARAM(0), (s32)PARAM(1)).raw);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(u32*, u32)> void Wrap(){
+template<ResultCode func(u32*, u32)> void Wrap(){
     u32 param_1 = 0;
-    u32 retval = func(&param_1, PARAM(1));
+    u32 retval = func(&param_1, PARAM(1)).raw;
     Core::g_app_core->SetReg(1, param_1);
     FuncReturn(retval);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(u32)> void Wrap() {
+template<ResultCode func(u32)> void Wrap() {
-    FuncReturn(func(PARAM(0)));
+    FuncReturn(func(PARAM(0)).raw);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(void*)> void Wrap() {
+template<ResultCode func(s64*, u32, void*, s32)> void Wrap(){
-    FuncReturn(func(Memory::GetPointer(PARAM(0))));
-}
-
-template<s32 func(s64*, u32, void*, s32)> void Wrap(){
     FuncReturn(func((s64*)Memory::GetPointer(PARAM(0)), PARAM(1), Memory::GetPointer(PARAM(2)),
-        (s32)PARAM(3)));
+        (s32)PARAM(3)).raw);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(u32*, const char*)> void Wrap() {
+template<ResultCode func(u32*, const char*)> void Wrap() {
     u32 param_1 = 0;
-    u32 retval = func(&param_1, Memory::GetCharPointer(PARAM(1)));
+    u32 retval = func(&param_1, Memory::GetCharPointer(PARAM(1))).raw;
     Core::g_app_core->SetReg(1, param_1);
     FuncReturn(retval);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(u32*, s32, s32)> void Wrap() {
+template<ResultCode func(u32*, s32, s32)> void Wrap() {
     u32 param_1 = 0;
-    u32 retval = func(&param_1, PARAM(1), PARAM(2));
+    u32 retval = func(&param_1, PARAM(1), PARAM(2)).raw;
     Core::g_app_core->SetReg(1, param_1);
     FuncReturn(retval);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(s32*, u32, s32)> void Wrap() {
+template<ResultCode func(s32*, u32, s32)> void Wrap() {
     s32 param_1 = 0;
-    u32 retval = func(&param_1, PARAM(1), PARAM(2));
+    u32 retval = func(&param_1, PARAM(1), PARAM(2)).raw;
     Core::g_app_core->SetReg(1, param_1);
     FuncReturn(retval);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(u32*, u32, u32, u32, u32)> void Wrap() {
+template<ResultCode func(u32*, u32, u32, u32, u32)> void Wrap() {
     u32 param_1 = 0;
-    u32 retval = func(&param_1, PARAM(1), PARAM(2), PARAM(3), PARAM(4));
+    u32 retval = func(&param_1, PARAM(1), PARAM(2), PARAM(3), PARAM(4)).raw;
     Core::g_app_core->SetReg(1, param_1);
     FuncReturn(retval);
 }
 
-template<s32 func(u32, s64, s64)> void Wrap() {
+template<ResultCode func(u32, s64, s64)> void Wrap() {
     s64 param1 = ((u64)PARAM(3) << 32) | PARAM(2);
     s64 param2 = ((u64)PARAM(4) << 32) | PARAM(1);
-    FuncReturn(func(PARAM(0), param1, param2));
+    FuncReturn(func(PARAM(0), param1, param2).raw);
 }
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

src/core/hle/kernel/address_arbiter.cpp

@@ -15,26 +15,18 @@
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-class AddressArbiter : public Object {
+ResultVal<SharedPtr<AddressArbiter>> AddressArbiter::Create(std::string name) {
-public:
+    SharedPtr<AddressArbiter> address_arbiter(new AddressArbiter);
-    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "Arbiter"; }
+    // TOOD(yuriks): Don't create Handle (see Thread::Create())
-    std::string GetName() const override { return name; }
+    CASCADE_RESULT(auto unused, Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(address_arbiter));
 
-    static const HandleType HANDLE_TYPE = HandleType::AddressArbiter;
+    address_arbiter->name = std::move(name);
-    HandleType GetHandleType() const override { return HANDLE_TYPE; }
 
-    std::string name;   ///< Name of address arbiter object (optional)
+    return MakeResult<SharedPtr<AddressArbiter>>(std::move(address_arbiter));
-};
+}
-
-////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-/// Arbitrate an address
-ResultCode ArbitrateAddress(Handle handle, ArbitrationType type, u32 address, s32 value, u64 nanoseconds) {
-    AddressArbiter* object = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<AddressArbiter>(handle).get();
-
-    if (object == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel);
 
+ResultCode AddressArbiter::ArbitrateAddress(ArbitrationType type, VAddr address, s32 value,
+        u64 nanoseconds) {
     switch (type) {
 
     // Signal thread(s) waiting for arbitrate address...
@@ -92,20 +84,4 @@ ResultCode ArbitrateAddress(Handle handle, ArbitrationType type, u32 address, s3
     return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-/// Create an address arbiter
-AddressArbiter* CreateAddressArbiter(Handle& handle, const std::string& name) {
-    AddressArbiter* address_arbiter = new AddressArbiter;
-    // TOOD(yuriks): Fix error reporting
-    handle = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(address_arbiter).ValueOr(INVALID_HANDLE);
-    address_arbiter->name = name;
-    return address_arbiter;
-}
-
-/// Create an address arbiter
-Handle CreateAddressArbiter(const std::string& name) {
-    Handle handle;
-    CreateAddressArbiter(handle, name);
-    return handle;
-}
-
 } // namespace Kernel

src/core/hle/kernel/address_arbiter.h

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-/// Address arbitration types
 enum class ArbitrationType : u32 {
     Signal,
     WaitIfLessThan,
@@ -27,10 +26,28 @@ enum class ArbitrationType : u32 {
     DecrementAndWaitIfLessThanWithTimeout,
 };
 
-/// Arbitrate an address
+class AddressArbiter final : public Object {
-ResultCode ArbitrateAddress(Handle handle, ArbitrationType type, u32 address, s32 value, u64 nanoseconds);
+public:
+    /**
+     * Creates an address arbiter.
+     *
+     * @param name Optional name used for debugging.
+     * @returns The created AddressArbiter.
+     */
+    static ResultVal<SharedPtr<AddressArbiter>> Create(std::string name = "Unknown");
 
-/// Create an address arbiter
+    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "Arbiter"; }
-Handle CreateAddressArbiter(const std::string& name = "Unknown");
+    std::string GetName() const override { return name; }
+
+    static const HandleType HANDLE_TYPE = HandleType::AddressArbiter;
+    HandleType GetHandleType() const override { return HANDLE_TYPE; }
+
+    std::string name;   ///< Name of address arbiter object (optional)
+
+    ResultCode ArbitrateAddress(ArbitrationType type, VAddr address, s32 value, u64 nanoseconds);
+
+private:
+    AddressArbiter() = default;
+};
 
 } // namespace FileSys

src/core/hle/kernel/event.cpp

@@ -14,78 +14,37 @@
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-class Event : public WaitObject {
+ResultVal<SharedPtr<Event>> Event::Create(ResetType reset_type, std::string name) {
-public:
+    SharedPtr<Event> evt(new Event);
-    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "Event"; }
+    // TOOD(yuriks): Don't create Handle (see Thread::Create())
-    std::string GetName() const override { return name; }
+    CASCADE_RESULT(auto unused, Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(evt));
 
-    static const HandleType HANDLE_TYPE = HandleType::Event;
+    evt->signaled = false;
-    HandleType GetHandleType() const override { return HANDLE_TYPE; }
+    evt->reset_type = evt->intitial_reset_type = reset_type;
+    evt->name = std::move(name);
 
-    ResetType intitial_reset_type;          ///< ResetType specified at Event initialization
+    return MakeResult<SharedPtr<Event>>(evt);
-    ResetType reset_type;                   ///< Current ResetType
+}
 
-    bool signaled;                          ///< Whether the event has already been signaled
+bool Event::ShouldWait() {
-    std::string name;                       ///< Name of event (optional)
-
-    bool ShouldWait() override {
     return !signaled;
-    }
+}
 
-    void Acquire() override {
+void Event::Acquire() {
     _assert_msg_(Kernel, !ShouldWait(), "object unavailable!");
 
     // Release the event if it's not sticky...
     if (reset_type != RESETTYPE_STICKY)
         signaled = false;
-    }
-};
-
-ResultCode SignalEvent(const Handle handle) {
-    Event* evt = g_handle_table.Get<Event>(handle).get();
-    if (evt == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel);
-
-    evt->signaled = true;
-    evt->WakeupAllWaitingThreads();
-
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-ResultCode ClearEvent(Handle handle) {
+void Event::Signal() {
-    Event* evt = g_handle_table.Get<Event>(handle).get();
+    signaled = true;
-    if (evt == nullptr)
+    WakeupAllWaitingThreads();
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel);
-
-    evt->signaled = false;
-
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-/**
+void Event::Clear() {
- * Creates an event
+    signaled = false;
- * @param handle Reference to handle for the newly created mutex
- * @param reset_type ResetType describing how to create event
- * @param name Optional name of event
- * @return Newly created Event object
- */
-Event* CreateEvent(Handle& handle, const ResetType reset_type, const std::string& name) {
-    Event* evt = new Event;
-
-    // TOOD(yuriks): Fix error reporting
-    handle = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(evt).ValueOr(INVALID_HANDLE);
-
-    evt->signaled = false;
-    evt->reset_type = evt->intitial_reset_type = reset_type;
-    evt->name = name;
-
-    return evt;
-}
-
-Handle CreateEvent(const ResetType reset_type, const std::string& name) {
-    Handle handle;
-    Event* evt = CreateEvent(handle, reset_type, name);
-    return handle;
 }
 
 } // namespace

src/core/hle/kernel/event.h

@@ -11,26 +11,35 @@
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-/**
+class Event final : public WaitObject {
- * Signals an event
+public:
- * @param handle Handle to event to signal
+    /**
- * @return Result of operation, 0 on success, otherwise error code
- */
-ResultCode SignalEvent(const Handle handle);
-
-/**
- * Clears an event
- * @param handle Handle to event to clear
- * @return Result of operation, 0 on success, otherwise error code
- */
-ResultCode ClearEvent(Handle handle);
-
-/**
      * Creates an event
      * @param reset_type ResetType describing how to create event
      * @param name Optional name of event
- * @return Handle to newly created Event object
      */
-Handle CreateEvent(const ResetType reset_type, const std::string& name="Unknown");
+    static ResultVal<SharedPtr<Event>> Create(ResetType reset_type, std::string name = "Unknown");
+
+    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "Event"; }
+    std::string GetName() const override { return name; }
+
+    static const HandleType HANDLE_TYPE = HandleType::Event;
+    HandleType GetHandleType() const override { return HANDLE_TYPE; }
+
+    ResetType intitial_reset_type;          ///< ResetType specified at Event initialization
+    ResetType reset_type;                   ///< Current ResetType
+
+    bool signaled;                          ///< Whether the event has already been signaled
+    std::string name;                       ///< Name of event (optional)
+
+    bool ShouldWait() override;
+    void Acquire() override;
+
+    void Signal();
+    void Clear();
+
+private:
+    Event() = default;
+};
 
 } // namespace

src/core/hle/kernel/kernel.h

@@ -16,6 +16,11 @@
 typedef u32 Handle;
 typedef s32 Result;
 
+// TODO: It would be nice to eventually replace these with strong types that prevent accidental
+// conversion between each other.
+typedef u32 VAddr; ///< Represents a pointer in the userspace virtual address space.
+typedef u32 PAddr; ///< Represents a pointer in the ARM11 physical address space.
+
 const Handle INVALID_HANDLE = 0;
 
 namespace Kernel {
@@ -26,7 +31,8 @@ class Thread;
 const ResultCode ERR_OUT_OF_HANDLES(ErrorDescription::OutOfMemory, ErrorModule::Kernel,
         ErrorSummary::OutOfResource, ErrorLevel::Temporary);
 // TOOD: Verify code
-const ResultCode ERR_INVALID_HANDLE = InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel);
+const ResultCode ERR_INVALID_HANDLE(ErrorDescription::InvalidHandle, ErrorModule::Kernel,
+        ErrorSummary::InvalidArgument, ErrorLevel::Permanent);
 
 enum KernelHandle : Handle {
     CurrentThread   = 0xFFFF8000,

src/core/hle/kernel/mutex.cpp

@@ -13,59 +13,30 @@
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-class Mutex : public WaitObject {
-public:
-    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "Mutex"; }
-    std::string GetName() const override { return name; }
-
-    static const HandleType HANDLE_TYPE = HandleType::Mutex;
-    HandleType GetHandleType() const override { return HANDLE_TYPE; }
-
-    bool initial_locked;                        ///< Initial lock state when mutex was created
-    bool locked;                                ///< Current locked state
-    std::string name;                           ///< Name of mutex (optional)
-    SharedPtr<Thread> holding_thread;           ///< Thread that has acquired the mutex
-
-    bool ShouldWait() override;
-    void Acquire() override;
-};
-
-////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
 typedef std::multimap<SharedPtr<Thread>, SharedPtr<Mutex>> MutexMap;
 static MutexMap g_mutex_held_locks;
 
-/**
- * Acquires the specified mutex for the specified thread
- * @param mutex Mutex that is to be acquired
- * @param thread Thread that will acquire the mutex
- */
-void MutexAcquireLock(Mutex* mutex, Thread* thread) {
-    g_mutex_held_locks.insert(std::make_pair(thread, mutex));
-    mutex->holding_thread = thread;
-}
-
 /**
  * Resumes a thread waiting for the specified mutex
  * @param mutex The mutex that some thread is waiting on
  */
-void ResumeWaitingThread(Mutex* mutex) {
+static void ResumeWaitingThread(Mutex* mutex) {
-    // Find the next waiting thread for the mutex...
-    auto next_thread = mutex->WakeupNextThread();
-    if (next_thread != nullptr) {
-        MutexAcquireLock(mutex, next_thread);
-    } else {
     // Reset mutex lock thread handle, nothing is waiting
     mutex->locked = false;
     mutex->holding_thread = nullptr;
+
+    // Find the next waiting thread for the mutex...
+    auto next_thread = mutex->WakeupNextThread();
+    if (next_thread != nullptr) {
+        mutex->Acquire(next_thread);
     }
 }
 
 void ReleaseThreadMutexes(Thread* thread) {
-    auto locked = g_mutex_held_locks.equal_range(thread);
+    auto locked_range = g_mutex_held_locks.equal_range(thread);
     
     // Release every mutex that the thread holds, and resume execution on the waiting threads
-    for (auto iter = locked.first; iter != locked.second; ++iter) {
+    for (auto iter = locked_range.first; iter != locked_range.second; ++iter) {
         ResumeWaitingThread(iter->second.get());
     }
 
@@ -73,72 +44,21 @@ void ReleaseThreadMutexes(Thread* thread) {
     g_mutex_held_locks.erase(thread);
 }
 
-bool ReleaseMutex(Mutex* mutex) {
+ResultVal<SharedPtr<Mutex>> Mutex::Create(bool initial_locked, std::string name) {
-    if (mutex->locked) {
+    SharedPtr<Mutex> mutex(new Mutex);
-        auto locked = g_mutex_held_locks.equal_range(mutex->holding_thread);
+    // TOOD(yuriks): Don't create Handle (see Thread::Create())
+    CASCADE_RESULT(auto unused, Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(mutex));
 
-        for (MutexMap::iterator iter = locked.first; iter != locked.second; ++iter) {
+    mutex->initial_locked = initial_locked;
-            if (iter->second == mutex) {
+    mutex->locked = false;
-                g_mutex_held_locks.erase(iter);
+    mutex->name = std::move(name);
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        ResumeWaitingThread(mutex);
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-/**
- * Releases a mutex
- * @param handle Handle to mutex to release
- */
-ResultCode ReleaseMutex(Handle handle) {
-    Mutex* mutex = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Mutex>(handle).get();
-    if (mutex == nullptr) return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel);
-
-    if (!ReleaseMutex(mutex)) {
-        // TODO(yuriks): Verify error code, this one was pulled out of thin air. I'm not even sure
-        // what error condition this is supposed to be signaling.
-        return ResultCode(ErrorDescription::AlreadyDone, ErrorModule::Kernel,
-                ErrorSummary::NothingHappened, ErrorLevel::Temporary);
-    }
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/**
- * Creates a mutex
- * @param handle Reference to handle for the newly created mutex
- * @param initial_locked Specifies if the mutex should be locked initially
- * @param name Optional name of mutex
- * @return Pointer to new Mutex object
- */
-Mutex* CreateMutex(Handle& handle, bool initial_locked, const std::string& name) {
-    Mutex* mutex = new Mutex;
-    // TODO(yuriks): Fix error reporting
-    handle = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(mutex).ValueOr(INVALID_HANDLE);
-
-    mutex->locked = mutex->initial_locked = initial_locked;
-    mutex->name = name;
     mutex->holding_thread = nullptr;
 
     // Acquire mutex with current thread if initialized as locked...
-    if (mutex->locked)
+    if (initial_locked)
-        MutexAcquireLock(mutex, GetCurrentThread());
+        mutex->Acquire();
 
-    return mutex;
+    return MakeResult<SharedPtr<Mutex>>(mutex);
-}
-
-/**
- * Creates a mutex
- * @param initial_locked Specifies if the mutex should be locked initially
- * @param name Optional name of mutex
- * @return Handle to newly created object
- */
-Handle CreateMutex(bool initial_locked, const std::string& name) {
-    Handle handle;
-    Mutex* mutex = CreateMutex(handle, initial_locked, name);
-    return handle;
 }
 
 bool Mutex::ShouldWait() {
@@ -146,9 +66,34 @@ bool Mutex::ShouldWait() {
 }
 
 void Mutex::Acquire() {
+    Acquire(GetCurrentThread());
+}
+
+void Mutex::Acquire(Thread* thread) {
     _assert_msg_(Kernel, !ShouldWait(), "object unavailable!");
+    if (locked)
+        return;
+
     locked = true;
-    MutexAcquireLock(this, GetCurrentThread());
+
+    g_mutex_held_locks.insert(std::make_pair(thread, this));
+    holding_thread = thread;
+}
+
+void Mutex::Release() {
+    if (!locked)
+        return;
+
+    auto locked_range = g_mutex_held_locks.equal_range(holding_thread);
+
+    for (MutexMap::iterator iter = locked_range.first; iter != locked_range.second; ++iter) {
+        if (iter->second == this) {
+            g_mutex_held_locks.erase(iter);
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ResumeWaitingThread(this);
 }
 
 } // namespace

src/core/hle/kernel/mutex.h

@@ -4,25 +4,51 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <string>
+
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 
 #include "core/hle/kernel/kernel.h"
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-/**
+class Thread;
- * Releases a mutex
- * @param handle Handle to mutex to release
- */
-ResultCode ReleaseMutex(Handle handle);
 
-/**
+class Mutex final : public WaitObject {
- * Creates a mutex
+public:
+    /**
+     * Creates a mutex.
      * @param initial_locked Specifies if the mutex should be locked initially
      * @param name Optional name of mutex
- * @return Handle to newly created object
+     * @return Pointer to new Mutex object
      */
-Handle CreateMutex(bool initial_locked, const std::string& name="Unknown");
+    static ResultVal<SharedPtr<Mutex>> Create(bool initial_locked, std::string name = "Unknown");
+
+    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "Mutex"; }
+    std::string GetName() const override { return name; }
+
+    static const HandleType HANDLE_TYPE = HandleType::Mutex;
+    HandleType GetHandleType() const override { return HANDLE_TYPE; }
+
+    bool initial_locked;                        ///< Initial lock state when mutex was created
+    bool locked;                                ///< Current locked state
+    std::string name;                           ///< Name of mutex (optional)
+    SharedPtr<Thread> holding_thread;           ///< Thread that has acquired the mutex
+
+    bool ShouldWait() override;
+    void Acquire() override;
+
+    /**
+    * Acquires the specified mutex for the specified thread
+    * @param mutex Mutex that is to be acquired
+    * @param thread Thread that will acquire the mutex
+    */
+    void Acquire(Thread* thread);
+    void Release();
+
+private:
+    Mutex() = default;
+};
 
 /**
  * Releases all the mutexes held by the specified thread

src/core/hle/kernel/semaphore.cpp

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 // Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
-#include <queue>
-
 #include "common/common.h"
 
 #include "core/hle/kernel/kernel.h"
@@ -12,69 +10,50 @@
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-class Semaphore : public WaitObject {
+ResultVal<SharedPtr<Semaphore>> Semaphore::Create(s32 initial_count, s32 max_count,
-public:
+        std::string name) {
-    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "Semaphore"; }
-    std::string GetName() const override { return name; }
-
-    static const HandleType HANDLE_TYPE = HandleType::Semaphore;
-    HandleType GetHandleType() const override { return HANDLE_TYPE; }
-
-    s32 max_count;                              ///< Maximum number of simultaneous holders the semaphore can have
-    s32 available_count;                        ///< Number of free slots left in the semaphore
-    std::string name;                           ///< Name of semaphore (optional)
-
-    bool ShouldWait() override {
-        return available_count <= 0;
-    }
-
-    void Acquire() override {
-        _assert_msg_(Kernel, !ShouldWait(), "object unavailable!");
-        --available_count;
-    }
-};
-
-////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-ResultCode CreateSemaphore(Handle* handle, s32 initial_count, 
-    s32 max_count, const std::string& name) {
 
     if (initial_count > max_count)
         return ResultCode(ErrorDescription::InvalidCombination, ErrorModule::Kernel,
                           ErrorSummary::WrongArgument, ErrorLevel::Permanent);
 
-    Semaphore* semaphore = new Semaphore;
+    SharedPtr<Semaphore> semaphore(new Semaphore);
-    // TOOD(yuriks): Fix error reporting
+    // TOOD(yuriks): Don't create Handle (see Thread::Create())
-    *handle = g_handle_table.Create(semaphore).ValueOr(INVALID_HANDLE);
+    CASCADE_RESULT(auto unused, Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(semaphore));
 
     // When the semaphore is created, some slots are reserved for other threads,
     // and the rest is reserved for the caller thread
     semaphore->max_count = max_count;
     semaphore->available_count = initial_count;
-    semaphore->name = name;
+    semaphore->name = std::move(name);
 
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
+    return MakeResult<SharedPtr<Semaphore>>(std::move(semaphore));
 }
 
-ResultCode ReleaseSemaphore(s32* count, Handle handle, s32 release_count) {
+bool Semaphore::ShouldWait() {
-    Semaphore* semaphore = g_handle_table.Get<Semaphore>(handle).get();
+    return available_count <= 0;
-    if (semaphore == nullptr)
+}
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel);
 
-    if (semaphore->max_count - semaphore->available_count < release_count)
+void Semaphore::Acquire() {
+    _assert_msg_(Kernel, !ShouldWait(), "object unavailable!");
+    --available_count;
+}
+
+ResultVal<s32> Semaphore::Release(s32 release_count) {
+    if (max_count - available_count < release_count)
         return ResultCode(ErrorDescription::OutOfRange, ErrorModule::Kernel, 
                           ErrorSummary::InvalidArgument, ErrorLevel::Permanent);
 
-    *count = semaphore->available_count;
+    s32 previous_count = available_count;
-    semaphore->available_count += release_count;
+    available_count += release_count;
 
     // Notify some of the threads that the semaphore has been released
     // stop once the semaphore is full again or there are no more waiting threads
-    while (!semaphore->ShouldWait() && semaphore->WakeupNextThread() != nullptr) {
+    while (!ShouldWait() && WakeupNextThread() != nullptr) {
-        semaphore->Acquire();
+        Acquire();
     }
 
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
+    return MakeResult<s32>(previous_count);
 }
 
 } // namespace

src/core/hle/kernel/semaphore.h

@@ -4,29 +4,50 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <queue>
+#include <string>
+
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 
 #include "core/hle/kernel/kernel.h"
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-/**
+class Semaphore final : public WaitObject {
+public:
+    /**
      * Creates a semaphore.
      * @param handle Pointer to the handle of the newly created object
      * @param initial_count Number of slots reserved for other threads
      * @param max_count Maximum number of slots the semaphore can have
      * @param name Optional name of semaphore
- * @return ResultCode of the error
+     * @return The created semaphore
      */
-ResultCode CreateSemaphore(Handle* handle, s32 initial_count, s32 max_count, const std::string& name = "Unknown");
+    static ResultVal<SharedPtr<Semaphore>> Create(s32 initial_count, s32 max_count,
+            std::string name = "Unknown");
 
-/**
+    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "Semaphore"; }
+    std::string GetName() const override { return name; }
+
+    static const HandleType HANDLE_TYPE = HandleType::Semaphore;
+    HandleType GetHandleType() const override { return HANDLE_TYPE; }
+
+    s32 max_count;                              ///< Maximum number of simultaneous holders the semaphore can have
+    s32 available_count;                        ///< Number of free slots left in the semaphore
+    std::string name;                           ///< Name of semaphore (optional)
+
+    bool ShouldWait() override;
+    void Acquire() override;
+
+    /**
      * Releases a certain number of slots from a semaphore.
- * @param count The number of free slots the semaphore had before this call
- * @param handle The handle of the semaphore to release
      * @param release_count The number of slots to release
- * @return ResultCode of the error
+     * @return The number of free slots the semaphore had before this call
      */
-ResultCode ReleaseSemaphore(s32* count, Handle handle, s32 release_count);
+    ResultVal<s32> Release(s32 release_count);
+
+private:
+    Semaphore() = default;
+};
 
 } // namespace

src/core/hle/kernel/shared_memory.cpp

@@ -9,76 +9,39 @@
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-class SharedMemory : public Object {
+ResultVal<SharedPtr<SharedMemory>> SharedMemory::Create(std::string name) {
-public:
+    SharedPtr<SharedMemory> shared_memory(new SharedMemory);
-    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "SharedMemory"; }
 
-    static const HandleType HANDLE_TYPE = HandleType::SharedMemory;
+    // TOOD(yuriks): Don't create Handle (see Thread::Create())
-    HandleType GetHandleType() const override { return HANDLE_TYPE; }
+    CASCADE_RESULT(auto unused, Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(shared_memory));
 
-    u32 base_address;                   ///< Address of shared memory block in RAM
+    shared_memory->name = std::move(name);
-    MemoryPermission permissions;       ///< Permissions of shared memory block (SVC field)
+    return MakeResult<SharedPtr<SharedMemory>>(std::move(shared_memory));
-    MemoryPermission other_permissions; ///< Other permissions of shared memory block (SVC field)
-    std::string name;                   ///< Name of shared memory object (optional)
-};
-
-////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-/**
- * Creates a shared memory object
- * @param handle Handle of newly created shared memory object
- * @param name Name of shared memory object
- * @return Pointer to newly created shared memory object
- */
-SharedMemory* CreateSharedMemory(Handle& handle, const std::string& name) {
-    SharedMemory* shared_memory = new SharedMemory;
-    // TOOD(yuriks): Fix error reporting
-    handle = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(shared_memory).ValueOr(INVALID_HANDLE);
-    shared_memory->name = name;
-    return shared_memory;
 }
 
-Handle CreateSharedMemory(const std::string& name) {
+ResultCode SharedMemory::Map(VAddr address, MemoryPermission permissions,
-    Handle handle;
-    CreateSharedMemory(handle, name);
-    return handle;
-}
-
-/**
- * Maps a shared memory block to an address in system memory
- * @param handle Shared memory block handle
- * @param address Address in system memory to map shared memory block to
- * @param permissions Memory block map permissions (specified by SVC field)
- * @param other_permissions Memory block map other permissions (specified by SVC field)
- * @return Result of operation, 0 on success, otherwise error code
- */
-ResultCode MapSharedMemory(u32 handle, u32 address, MemoryPermission permissions,
         MemoryPermission other_permissions) {
 
     if (address < Memory::SHARED_MEMORY_VADDR || address >= Memory::SHARED_MEMORY_VADDR_END) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Kernel_SVC, "cannot map handle=0x%08X, address=0x%08X outside of shared mem bounds!",
+        LOG_ERROR(Kernel, "cannot map handle=0x%08X, address=0x%08X outside of shared mem bounds!",
-            handle, address);
+                GetHandle(), address);
+        // TODO: Verify error code with hardware
         return ResultCode(ErrorDescription::InvalidAddress, ErrorModule::Kernel,
                 ErrorSummary::InvalidArgument, ErrorLevel::Permanent);
     }
-    SharedMemory* shared_memory = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<SharedMemory>(handle).get();
-    if (shared_memory == nullptr) return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel);
 
-    shared_memory->base_address = address;
+    base_address = address;
-    shared_memory->permissions = permissions;
+    permissions = permissions;
-    shared_memory->other_permissions = other_permissions;
+    other_permissions = other_permissions;
 
     return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-ResultVal<u8*> GetSharedMemoryPointer(Handle handle, u32 offset) {
+ResultVal<u8*> SharedMemory::GetPointer(u32 offset) {
-    SharedMemory* shared_memory = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<SharedMemory>(handle).get();
+    if (base_address != 0)
-    if (shared_memory == nullptr) return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel);
+        return MakeResult<u8*>(Memory::GetPointer(base_address + offset));
 
-    if (0 != shared_memory->base_address)
+    LOG_ERROR(Kernel_SVC, "memory block handle=0x%08X not mapped!", GetHandle());
-        return MakeResult<u8*>(Memory::GetPointer(shared_memory->base_address + offset));
-
-    LOG_ERROR(Kernel_SVC, "memory block handle=0x%08X not mapped!", handle);
     // TODO(yuriks): Verify error code.
     return ResultCode(ErrorDescription::InvalidAddress, ErrorModule::Kernel,
             ErrorSummary::InvalidState, ErrorLevel::Permanent);

src/core/hle/kernel/shared_memory.h

@@ -23,29 +23,41 @@ enum class MemoryPermission : u32 {
     DontCare         = (1u << 28)
 };
 
-/**
+class SharedMemory final : public Object {
+public:
+    /**
      * Creates a shared memory object
- * @param name Optional name of shared memory object
+     * @param name Optional object name, used only for debugging purposes.
- * @return Handle of newly created shared memory object
      */
-Handle CreateSharedMemory(const std::string& name="Unknown");
+    static ResultVal<SharedPtr<SharedMemory>> Create(std::string name = "Unknown");
 
-/**
+    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "SharedMemory"; }
+
+    static const HandleType HANDLE_TYPE = HandleType::SharedMemory;
+    HandleType GetHandleType() const override { return HANDLE_TYPE; }
+
+    /**
      * Maps a shared memory block to an address in system memory
- * @param handle Shared memory block handle
      * @param address Address in system memory to map shared memory block to
      * @param permissions Memory block map permissions (specified by SVC field)
      * @param other_permissions Memory block map other permissions (specified by SVC field)
      */
-ResultCode MapSharedMemory(Handle handle, u32 address, MemoryPermission permissions,
+    ResultCode Map(VAddr address, MemoryPermission permissions, MemoryPermission other_permissions);
-    MemoryPermission other_permissions);
 
-/**
+    /**
     * Gets a pointer to the shared memory block
- * @param handle Shared memory block handle
     * @param offset Offset from the start of the shared memory block to get pointer
     * @return Pointer to the shared memory block from the specified offset
     */
-ResultVal<u8*> GetSharedMemoryPointer(Handle handle, u32 offset);
+    ResultVal<u8*> GetPointer(u32 offset = 0);
+
+    VAddr base_address;                   ///< Address of shared memory block in RAM
+    MemoryPermission permissions;       ///< Permissions of shared memory block (SVC field)
+    MemoryPermission other_permissions; ///< Other permissions of shared memory block (SVC field)
+    std::string name;                   ///< Name of shared memory object (optional)
+
+private:
+    SharedMemory() = default;
+};
 
 } // namespace

src/core/hle/kernel/thread.h

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ enum ThreadStatus {
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-class Thread : public WaitObject {
+class Thread final : public WaitObject {
 public:
     static ResultVal<SharedPtr<Thread>> Create(std::string name, VAddr entry_point, s32 priority,
         u32 arg, s32 processor_id, VAddr stack_top, u32 stack_size);
@@ -115,7 +115,6 @@ public:
     bool idle = false;
 
 private:
-
     Thread() = default;
 };
 

src/core/hle/kernel/timer.cpp

@@ -13,75 +13,54 @@
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-class Timer : public WaitObject {
+/// The event type of the generic timer callback event
-public:
+static int timer_callback_event_type = -1;
-    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "Timer"; }
-    std::string GetName() const override { return name; }
 
-    static const HandleType HANDLE_TYPE = HandleType::Timer;
+ResultVal<SharedPtr<Timer>> Timer::Create(ResetType reset_type, std::string name) {
-    HandleType GetHandleType() const override { return HANDLE_TYPE; }
+    SharedPtr<Timer> timer(new Timer);
-
+    // TOOD(yuriks): Don't create Handle (see Thread::Create())
-    ResetType reset_type;                   ///< The ResetType of this timer
+    CASCADE_RESULT(auto unused, Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(timer));
-
-    bool signaled;                          ///< Whether the timer has been signaled or not
-    std::string name;                       ///< Name of timer (optional)
-
-    u64 initial_delay;                      ///< The delay until the timer fires for the first time
-    u64 interval_delay;                     ///< The delay until the timer fires after the first time
-
-    bool ShouldWait() override {
-        return !signaled;
-    }
-
-    void Acquire() override {
-        _assert_msg_(Kernel, !ShouldWait(), "object unavailable!");
-    }
-};
-
-/**
- * Creates a timer.
- * @param handle Reference to handle for the newly created timer
- * @param reset_type ResetType describing how to create timer
- * @param name Optional name of timer
- * @return Newly created Timer object
- */
-Timer* CreateTimer(Handle& handle, const ResetType reset_type, const std::string& name) {
-    Timer* timer = new Timer;
-
-    handle = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(timer).ValueOr(INVALID_HANDLE);
 
     timer->reset_type = reset_type;
     timer->signaled = false;
-    timer->name = name;
+    timer->name = std::move(name);
     timer->initial_delay = 0;
     timer->interval_delay = 0;
-    return timer;
+    return MakeResult<SharedPtr<Timer>>(timer);
 }
 
-ResultCode CreateTimer(Handle* handle, const ResetType reset_type, const std::string& name) {
+bool Timer::ShouldWait() {
-    CreateTimer(*handle, reset_type, name);
+    return !signaled;
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-ResultCode ClearTimer(Handle handle) {
+void Timer::Acquire() {
-    SharedPtr<Timer> timer = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Timer>(handle);
+    _assert_msg_(Kernel, !ShouldWait(), "object unavailable!");
-    
-    if (timer == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel);
-
-    timer->signaled = false;
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-/// The event type of the generic timer callback event
+void Timer::Set(s64 initial, s64 interval) {
-static int TimerCallbackEventType = -1;
+    initial_delay = initial;
+    interval_delay = interval;
+
+    u64 initial_microseconds = initial / 1000;
+    // TODO(yuriks): Figure out a replacement for GetHandle here
+    CoreTiming::ScheduleEvent(usToCycles(initial_microseconds), timer_callback_event_type,
+            GetHandle());
+}
+
+void Timer::Cancel() {
+    CoreTiming::UnscheduleEvent(timer_callback_event_type, GetHandle());
+}
+
+void Timer::Clear() {
+    signaled = false;
+}
 
 /// The timer callback event, called when a timer is fired
 static void TimerCallback(u64 timer_handle, int cycles_late) {
     SharedPtr<Timer> timer = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Timer>(timer_handle);
 
     if (timer == nullptr) {
-        LOG_CRITICAL(Kernel, "Callback fired for invalid timer %u", timer_handle);
+        LOG_CRITICAL(Kernel, "Callback fired for invalid timer %08X", timer_handle);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -99,36 +78,12 @@ static void TimerCallback(u64 timer_handle, int cycles_late) {
         // Reschedule the timer with the interval delay
         u64 interval_microseconds = timer->interval_delay / 1000;
         CoreTiming::ScheduleEvent(usToCycles(interval_microseconds) - cycles_late, 
-                TimerCallbackEventType, timer_handle);
+                timer_callback_event_type, timer_handle);
     }
 }
 
-ResultCode SetTimer(Handle handle, s64 initial, s64 interval) {
-    SharedPtr<Timer> timer = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Timer>(handle);
-
-    if (timer == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel);
-
-    timer->initial_delay = initial;
-    timer->interval_delay = interval;
-
-    u64 initial_microseconds = initial / 1000;
-    CoreTiming::ScheduleEvent(usToCycles(initial_microseconds), TimerCallbackEventType, handle);
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-ResultCode CancelTimer(Handle handle) {
-    SharedPtr<Timer> timer = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Timer>(handle);
-
-    if (timer == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel);
-
-    CoreTiming::UnscheduleEvent(TimerCallbackEventType, handle);
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
-}
-
 void TimersInit() {
-    TimerCallbackEventType = CoreTiming::RegisterEvent("TimerCallback", TimerCallback);
+    timer_callback_event_type = CoreTiming::RegisterEvent("TimerCallback", TimerCallback);
 }
 
 void TimersShutdown() {

src/core/hle/kernel/timer.h

@@ -11,37 +11,50 @@
 
 namespace Kernel {
 
-/**
+class Timer final : public WaitObject {
- * Cancels a timer
+public:
- * @param handle Handle of the timer to cancel
+    /**
+     * Creates a timer
+     * @param reset_type ResetType describing how to create the timer
+     * @param name Optional name of timer
+     * @return The created Timer
      */
-ResultCode CancelTimer(Handle handle);
+    static ResultVal<SharedPtr<Timer>> Create(ResetType reset_type, std::string name = "Unknown");
 
-/**
+    std::string GetTypeName() const override { return "Timer"; }
- * Starts a timer with the specified initial delay and interval
+    std::string GetName() const override { return name; }
- * @param handle Handle of the timer to start
+
+    static const HandleType HANDLE_TYPE = HandleType::Timer;
+    HandleType GetHandleType() const override { return HANDLE_TYPE; }
+
+    ResetType reset_type;                   ///< The ResetType of this timer
+
+    bool signaled;                          ///< Whether the timer has been signaled or not
+    std::string name;                       ///< Name of timer (optional)
+
+    u64 initial_delay;                      ///< The delay until the timer fires for the first time
+    u64 interval_delay;                     ///< The delay until the timer fires after the first time
+
+    bool ShouldWait() override;
+    void Acquire() override;
+
+    /**
+     * Starts the timer, with the specified initial delay and interval.
      * @param initial Delay until the timer is first fired
      * @param interval Delay until the timer is fired after the first time
      */
-ResultCode SetTimer(Handle handle, s64 initial, s64 interval);
+    void Set(s64 initial, s64 interval);
 
-/**
+    void Cancel();
- * Clears a timer
+    void Clear();
- * @param handle Handle of the timer to clear
- */
-ResultCode ClearTimer(Handle handle);
 
-/**
+private:
- * Creates a timer
+    Timer() = default;
- * @param handle Handle to the newly created Timer object
+};
- * @param reset_type ResetType describing how to create the timer
- * @param name Optional name of timer
- * @return ResultCode of the error
- */
-ResultCode CreateTimer(Handle* handle, const ResetType reset_type, const std::string& name="Unknown");
 
 /// Initializes the required variables for timers
 void TimersInit();
 /// Tears down the timer variables
 void TimersShutdown();
+
 } // namespace

src/core/hle/result.h

@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <utility>
 
-#include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
 
 // All the constants in this file come from http://3dbrew.org/wiki/Error_codes
 
@@ -226,11 +227,6 @@ inline ResultCode UnimplementedFunction(ErrorModule module) {
     return ResultCode(ErrorDescription::NotImplemented, module,
             ErrorSummary::NotSupported, ErrorLevel::Permanent);
 }
-/// Returned when a function is passed an invalid handle.
-inline ResultCode InvalidHandle(ErrorModule module) {
-    return ResultCode(ErrorDescription::InvalidHandle, module,
-            ErrorSummary::InvalidArgument, ErrorLevel::Permanent);
-}
 
 /**
  * This is an optional value type. It holds a `ResultCode` and, if that code is a success code,
@@ -364,6 +360,17 @@ public:
         return !empty() ? *GetPointer() : std::move(value);
     }
 
+    /// Asserts that the result succeeded and returns a reference to it.
+    T& Unwrap() {
+        // TODO(yuriks): Should be a release assert
+        _assert_msg_(Common, Succeeded(), "Tried to Unwrap empty ResultVal");
+        return **this;
+    }
+
+    T&& MoveFrom() {
+        return std::move(Unwrap());
+    }
+
 private:
     typedef typename std::aligned_storage<sizeof(T), std::alignment_of<T>::value>::type StorageType;
 
@@ -400,3 +407,15 @@ template <typename T, typename... Args>
 ResultVal<T> MakeResult(Args&&... args) {
     return ResultVal<T>::WithCode(RESULT_SUCCESS, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
 }
+
+/**
+ * Check for the success of `source` (which must evaluate to a ResultVal). If it succeeds, unwraps
+ * the contained value and assigns it to `target`, which can be either an l-value expression or a
+ * variable declaration. If it fails the return code is returned from the current function. Thus it
+ * can be used to cascade errors out, achieving something akin to exception handling.
+ */
+#define CASCADE_RESULT(target, source) \
+        auto CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__) = source; \
+        if (CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__).Failed()) \
+            return CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__).Code(); \
+        target = std::move(*CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__))

src/core/hle/service/apt_s.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/kernel/event.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/mutex.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/shared_memory.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/thread.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/apt_s.h"
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

src/core/hle/service/apt_u.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/kernel/event.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/mutex.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/shared_memory.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/thread.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/apt_u.h"
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -26,11 +27,11 @@ namespace APT_U {
 static const VAddr SHARED_FONT_VADDR = 0x18000000;
 
 /// Handle to shared memory region designated to for shared system font
-static Handle shared_font_mem = 0;
+static Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::SharedMemory> shared_font_mem;
 
-static Handle lock_handle = 0;
+static Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Mutex> lock;
-static Handle notification_event_handle = 0; ///< APT notification event handle
+static Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> notification_event; ///< APT notification event
-static Handle pause_event_handle = 0; ///< APT pause event handle
+static Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> pause_event = 0; ///< APT pause event
 static std::vector<u8> shared_font;
 
 /// Signals used by APT functions
@@ -67,17 +68,19 @@ enum class AppID : u32 {
 void Initialize(Service::Interface* self) {
     u32* cmd_buff = Kernel::GetCommandBuffer();
 
-    notification_event_handle = Kernel::CreateEvent(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "APT_U:Notification");
+    // TODO(bunnei): Check if these are created in Initialize or on APT process startup.
-    pause_event_handle = Kernel::CreateEvent(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "APT_U:Pause");
+    notification_event = Kernel::Event::Create(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "APT_U:Notification").MoveFrom();
+    pause_event = Kernel::Event::Create(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "APT_U:Pause").MoveFrom();
 
-    cmd_buff[3] = notification_event_handle;
+    cmd_buff[3] = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(notification_event).MoveFrom();
-    cmd_buff[4] = pause_event_handle;
+    cmd_buff[4] = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(pause_event).MoveFrom();
 
-    Kernel::ClearEvent(notification_event_handle);
+    // TODO(bunnei): Check if these events are cleared/signaled every time Initialize is called.
-    Kernel::SignalEvent(pause_event_handle); // Fire start event
+    notification_event->Clear();
+    pause_event->Signal(); // Fire start event
 
-    _assert_msg_(KERNEL, (0 != lock_handle), "Cannot initialize without lock");
+    _assert_msg_(KERNEL, (nullptr != lock), "Cannot initialize without lock");
-    Kernel::ReleaseMutex(lock_handle);
+    lock->Release();
 
     cmd_buff[1] = RESULT_SUCCESS.raw; // No error
 }
@@ -93,7 +96,7 @@ void NotifyToWait(Service::Interface* self) {
     u32* cmd_buff = Kernel::GetCommandBuffer();
     u32 app_id = cmd_buff[1];
     // TODO(Subv): Verify this, it seems to get SWKBD and Home Menu further.
-    Kernel::SignalEvent(pause_event_handle);
+    pause_event->Signal();
 
     cmd_buff[1] = RESULT_SUCCESS.raw; // No error
     LOG_WARNING(Service_APT, "(STUBBED) app_id=%u", app_id);
@@ -103,11 +106,6 @@ void GetLockHandle(Service::Interface* self) {
     u32* cmd_buff = Kernel::GetCommandBuffer();
     u32 flags = cmd_buff[1]; // TODO(bunnei): Figure out the purpose of the flag field
 
-    if (0 == lock_handle) {
-        // TODO(bunnei): Verify if this is created here or at application boot?
-        lock_handle = Kernel::CreateMutex(false, "APT_U:Lock");
-        Kernel::ReleaseMutex(lock_handle);
-    }
     cmd_buff[1] = RESULT_SUCCESS.raw; // No error
 
     // Not sure what these parameters are used for, but retail apps check that they are 0 after
@@ -116,7 +114,7 @@ void GetLockHandle(Service::Interface* self) {
     cmd_buff[3] = 0;
     cmd_buff[4] = 0;
 
-    cmd_buff[5] = lock_handle;
+    cmd_buff[5] = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(lock).MoveFrom();
     LOG_TRACE(Service_APT, "called handle=0x%08X", cmd_buff[5]);
 }
 
@@ -354,7 +352,7 @@ void GetSharedFont(Service::Interface* self) {
         cmd_buff[0] = 0x00440082;
         cmd_buff[1] = RESULT_SUCCESS.raw; // No error
         cmd_buff[2] = SHARED_FONT_VADDR;
-        cmd_buff[4] = shared_font_mem;
+        cmd_buff[4] = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(shared_font_mem).MoveFrom();
     } else {
         cmd_buff[1] = -1; // Generic error (not really possible to verify this on hardware)
         LOG_ERROR(Kernel_SVC, "called, but %s has not been loaded!", SHARED_FONT);
@@ -514,13 +512,13 @@ Interface::Interface() {
         file.ReadBytes(shared_font.data(), (size_t)file.GetSize());
 
         // Create shared font memory object
-        shared_font_mem = Kernel::CreateSharedMemory("APT_U:shared_font_mem");
+        shared_font_mem = Kernel::SharedMemory::Create("APT_U:shared_font_mem").MoveFrom();
     } else {
         LOG_WARNING(Service_APT, "Unable to load shared font: %s", filepath.c_str());
-        shared_font_mem = 0;
+        shared_font_mem = nullptr;
     }
 
-    lock_handle = 0;
+    lock = Kernel::Mutex::Create(false, "APT_U:Lock").MoveFrom();
 
     Register(FunctionTable, ARRAY_SIZE(FunctionTable));
 }

src/core/hle/service/dsp_dsp.cpp

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
 namespace DSP_DSP {
 
 static u32 read_pipe_count    = 0;
-static Handle semaphore_event = 0;
+static Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> semaphore_event;
-static Handle interrupt_event = 0;
+static Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> interrupt_event;
 
 void SignalInterrupt() {
     // TODO(bunnei): This is just a stub, it does not do anything other than signal to the emulated
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ void SignalInterrupt() {
     // DSP interrupts, and trigger them at the appropriate times.
 
     if (interrupt_event != 0)
-        Kernel::SignalEvent(interrupt_event);
+        interrupt_event->Signal();
 }
 
 /**
@@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ void LoadComponent(Service::Interface* self) {
 void GetSemaphoreEventHandle(Service::Interface* self) {
     u32* cmd_buff = Kernel::GetCommandBuffer();
 
-    cmd_buff[1] = 0; // No error
+    cmd_buff[1] = RESULT_SUCCESS.raw; // No error
-    cmd_buff[3] = semaphore_event; // Event handle
+    cmd_buff[3] = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(semaphore_event).MoveFrom(); // Event handle
 
     LOG_WARNING(Service_DSP, "(STUBBED) called");
 }
@@ -96,9 +96,16 @@ void GetSemaphoreEventHandle(Service::Interface* self) {
 void RegisterInterruptEvents(Service::Interface* self) {
     u32* cmd_buff = Kernel::GetCommandBuffer();
 
-    interrupt_event = static_cast<Handle>(cmd_buff[4]);
+    auto evt = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Kernel::Event>(cmd_buff[4]);
-
+    if (evt != nullptr) {
+        interrupt_event = evt;
         cmd_buff[1] = 0; // No error
+    } else {
+        LOG_ERROR(Service_DSP, "called with invalid handle=%08X", cmd_buff[4]);
+
+        // TODO(yuriks): An error should be returned from SendSyncRequest, not in the cmdbuf
+        cmd_buff[1] = -1;
+    }
 
     LOG_WARNING(Service_DSP, "(STUBBED) called");
 }
@@ -194,8 +201,9 @@ const Interface::FunctionInfo FunctionTable[] = {
 // Interface class
 
 Interface::Interface() {
-    semaphore_event = Kernel::CreateEvent(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "DSP_DSP::semaphore_event");
+    semaphore_event = Kernel::Event::Create(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT,
-    interrupt_event = 0;
+            "DSP_DSP::semaphore_event").MoveFrom();
+    interrupt_event = nullptr;
     read_pipe_count = 0;
 
     Register(FunctionTable, ARRAY_SIZE(FunctionTable));

src/core/hle/service/fs/archive.cpp

@@ -43,6 +43,11 @@ const std::string SDCARD_ID = "00000000000000000000000000000000";
 namespace Service {
 namespace FS {
 
+// TODO: Verify code
+/// Returned when a function is passed an invalid handle.
+const ResultCode ERR_INVALID_HANDLE(ErrorDescription::InvalidHandle, ErrorModule::FS,
+        ErrorSummary::InvalidArgument, ErrorLevel::Permanent);
+
 // Command to access archive file
 enum class FileCommand : u32 {
     Dummy1          = 0x000100C6,
@@ -280,7 +285,7 @@ ResultVal<ArchiveHandle> OpenArchive(ArchiveIdCode id_code, FileSys::Path& archi
 
 ResultCode CloseArchive(ArchiveHandle handle) {
     if (handle_map.erase(handle) == 0)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::FS);
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
     else
         return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
@@ -301,7 +306,7 @@ ResultCode CreateArchive(std::unique_ptr<FileSys::ArchiveBackend>&& backend, Arc
 ResultVal<Handle> OpenFileFromArchive(ArchiveHandle archive_handle, const FileSys::Path& path, const FileSys::Mode mode) {
     Archive* archive = GetArchive(archive_handle);
     if (archive == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::FS);
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
     std::unique_ptr<FileSys::FileBackend> backend = archive->backend->OpenFile(path, mode);
     if (backend == nullptr) {
@@ -318,7 +323,7 @@ ResultVal<Handle> OpenFileFromArchive(ArchiveHandle archive_handle, const FileSy
 ResultCode DeleteFileFromArchive(ArchiveHandle archive_handle, const FileSys::Path& path) {
     Archive* archive = GetArchive(archive_handle);
     if (archive == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::FS);
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
     if (archive->backend->DeleteFile(path))
         return RESULT_SUCCESS;
@@ -331,7 +336,7 @@ ResultCode RenameFileBetweenArchives(ArchiveHandle src_archive_handle, const Fil
     Archive* src_archive = GetArchive(src_archive_handle);
     Archive* dest_archive = GetArchive(dest_archive_handle);
     if (src_archive == nullptr || dest_archive == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::FS);
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
     if (src_archive == dest_archive) {
         if (src_archive->backend->RenameFile(src_path, dest_path))
@@ -350,7 +355,7 @@ ResultCode RenameFileBetweenArchives(ArchiveHandle src_archive_handle, const Fil
 ResultCode DeleteDirectoryFromArchive(ArchiveHandle archive_handle, const FileSys::Path& path) {
     Archive* archive = GetArchive(archive_handle);
     if (archive == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::FS);
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
     if (archive->backend->DeleteDirectory(path))
         return RESULT_SUCCESS;
@@ -361,7 +366,7 @@ ResultCode DeleteDirectoryFromArchive(ArchiveHandle archive_handle, const FileSy
 ResultCode CreateFileInArchive(ArchiveHandle archive_handle, const FileSys::Path& path, u32 file_size) {
     Archive* archive = GetArchive(archive_handle);
     if (archive == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::FS);
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
     return archive->backend->CreateFile(path, file_size);
 }
@@ -369,7 +374,7 @@ ResultCode CreateFileInArchive(ArchiveHandle archive_handle, const FileSys::Path
 ResultCode CreateDirectoryFromArchive(ArchiveHandle archive_handle, const FileSys::Path& path) {
     Archive* archive = GetArchive(archive_handle);
     if (archive == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::FS);
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
     if (archive->backend->CreateDirectory(path))
         return RESULT_SUCCESS;
@@ -382,7 +387,7 @@ ResultCode RenameDirectoryBetweenArchives(ArchiveHandle src_archive_handle, cons
     Archive* src_archive = GetArchive(src_archive_handle);
     Archive* dest_archive = GetArchive(dest_archive_handle);
     if (src_archive == nullptr || dest_archive == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::FS);
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
     if (src_archive == dest_archive) {
         if (src_archive->backend->RenameDirectory(src_path, dest_path))
@@ -407,7 +412,7 @@ ResultCode RenameDirectoryBetweenArchives(ArchiveHandle src_archive_handle, cons
 ResultVal<Handle> OpenDirectoryFromArchive(ArchiveHandle archive_handle, const FileSys::Path& path) {
     Archive* archive = GetArchive(archive_handle);
     if (archive == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::FS);
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
     std::unique_ptr<FileSys::DirectoryBackend> backend = archive->backend->OpenDirectory(path);
     if (backend == nullptr) {

src/core/hle/service/gsp_gpu.cpp

@@ -22,13 +22,16 @@ GraphicsDebugger g_debugger;
 
 namespace GSP_GPU {
 
-Handle g_interrupt_event = 0;   ///< Handle to event triggered when GSP interrupt has been signalled
+/// Event triggered when GSP interrupt has been signalled
-Handle g_shared_memory = 0;     ///< Handle to GSP shared memorys
+Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> g_interrupt_event;
-u32 g_thread_id = 1;            ///< Thread index into interrupt relay queue, 1 is arbitrary
+/// GSP shared memoryings
+Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::SharedMemory> g_shared_memory;
+/// Thread index into interrupt relay queue, 1 is arbitrary
+u32 g_thread_id = 1;
 
 /// Gets a pointer to a thread command buffer in GSP shared memory
 static inline u8* GetCommandBuffer(u32 thread_id) {
-    ResultVal<u8*> ptr = Kernel::GetSharedMemoryPointer(g_shared_memory, 0x800 + (thread_id * sizeof(CommandBuffer)));
+    ResultVal<u8*> ptr = g_shared_memory->GetPointer(0x800 + (thread_id * sizeof(CommandBuffer)));
     return ptr.ValueOr(nullptr);
 }
 
@@ -37,13 +40,13 @@ static inline FrameBufferUpdate* GetFrameBufferInfo(u32 thread_id, u32 screen_in
 
     // For each thread there are two FrameBufferUpdate fields
     u32 offset = 0x200 + (2 * thread_id + screen_index) * sizeof(FrameBufferUpdate);
-    ResultVal<u8*> ptr = Kernel::GetSharedMemoryPointer(g_shared_memory, offset);
+    ResultVal<u8*> ptr = g_shared_memory->GetPointer(offset);
     return reinterpret_cast<FrameBufferUpdate*>(ptr.ValueOr(nullptr));
 }
 
 /// Gets a pointer to the interrupt relay queue for a given thread index
 static inline InterruptRelayQueue* GetInterruptRelayQueue(u32 thread_id) {
-    ResultVal<u8*> ptr = Kernel::GetSharedMemoryPointer(g_shared_memory, sizeof(InterruptRelayQueue) * thread_id);
+    ResultVal<u8*> ptr = g_shared_memory->GetPointer(sizeof(InterruptRelayQueue) * thread_id);
     return reinterpret_cast<InterruptRelayQueue*>(ptr.ValueOr(nullptr));
 }
 
@@ -181,16 +184,18 @@ static void FlushDataCache(Service::Interface* self) {
 static void RegisterInterruptRelayQueue(Service::Interface* self) {
     u32* cmd_buff = Kernel::GetCommandBuffer();
     u32 flags = cmd_buff[1];
-    g_interrupt_event = cmd_buff[3];
-    g_shared_memory = Kernel::CreateSharedMemory("GSPSharedMem");
 
-    _assert_msg_(GSP, (g_interrupt_event != 0), "handle is not valid!");
+    g_interrupt_event = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Kernel::Event>(cmd_buff[3]);
+    _assert_msg_(GSP, (g_interrupt_event != nullptr), "handle is not valid!");
+    g_shared_memory = Kernel::SharedMemory::Create("GSPSharedMem").MoveFrom();
+
+    Handle shmem_handle = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(g_shared_memory).MoveFrom();
 
     cmd_buff[1] = 0x2A07; // Value verified by 3dmoo team, purpose unknown, but needed for GSP init
     cmd_buff[2] = g_thread_id++; // Thread ID
-    cmd_buff[4] = g_shared_memory; // GSP shared memory
+    cmd_buff[4] = shmem_handle; // GSP shared memory
 
-    Kernel::SignalEvent(g_interrupt_event); // TODO(bunnei): Is this correct?
+    g_interrupt_event->Signal(); // TODO(bunnei): Is this correct?
 }
 
 /**
@@ -204,7 +209,7 @@ void SignalInterrupt(InterruptId interrupt_id) {
         LOG_WARNING(Service_GSP, "cannot synchronize until GSP event has been created!");
         return;
     }
-    if (0 == g_shared_memory) {
+    if (nullptr == g_shared_memory) {
         LOG_WARNING(Service_GSP, "cannot synchronize until GSP shared memory has been created!");
         return;
     }
@@ -232,7 +237,7 @@ void SignalInterrupt(InterruptId interrupt_id) {
             info->is_dirty = false;
         }
     }
-    Kernel::SignalEvent(g_interrupt_event);
+    g_interrupt_event->Signal();
 }
 
 /// Executes the next GSP command

src/core/hle/service/hid/hid.cpp

@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@
 namespace Service {
 namespace HID {
 
-Handle g_shared_mem = 0;
+Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::SharedMemory> g_shared_mem = nullptr;
 
-Handle g_event_pad_or_touch_1 = 0;
+Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> g_event_pad_or_touch_1;
-Handle g_event_pad_or_touch_2 = 0;
+Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> g_event_pad_or_touch_2;
-Handle g_event_accelerometer = 0;
+Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> g_event_accelerometer;
-Handle g_event_gyroscope = 0;
+Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> g_event_gyroscope;
-Handle g_event_debug_pad = 0;
+Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> g_event_debug_pad;
 
 // Next Pad state update information
 static PadState next_state = {{0}};
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ static s16 next_circle_y = 0;
  * Gets a pointer to the PadData structure inside HID shared memory
  */
 static inline PadData* GetPadData() {
-    return reinterpret_cast<PadData*>(Kernel::GetSharedMemoryPointer(g_shared_mem, 0).ValueOr(nullptr));
+    return reinterpret_cast<PadData*>(g_shared_mem->GetPointer().ValueOr(nullptr));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -115,19 +115,21 @@ void PadUpdateComplete() {
     }
     
     // Signal both handles when there's an update to Pad or touch
-    Kernel::SignalEvent(g_event_pad_or_touch_1);
+    g_event_pad_or_touch_1->Signal();
-    Kernel::SignalEvent(g_event_pad_or_touch_2);
+    g_event_pad_or_touch_2->Signal();
 }
 
 void HIDInit() {
-    g_shared_mem = Kernel::CreateSharedMemory("HID:SharedMem"); // Create shared memory object
+    using namespace Kernel;
+
+    g_shared_mem = SharedMemory::Create("HID:SharedMem").MoveFrom();
 
     // Create event handles
-    g_event_pad_or_touch_1 = Kernel::CreateEvent(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "HID:EventPadOrTouch1");
+    g_event_pad_or_touch_1 = Event::Create(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "HID:EventPadOrTouch1").MoveFrom();
-    g_event_pad_or_touch_2 = Kernel::CreateEvent(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "HID:EventPadOrTouch2");
+    g_event_pad_or_touch_2 = Event::Create(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "HID:EventPadOrTouch2").MoveFrom();
-    g_event_accelerometer = Kernel::CreateEvent(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "HID:EventAccelerometer");
+    g_event_accelerometer  = Event::Create(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "HID:EventAccelerometer").MoveFrom();
-    g_event_gyroscope = Kernel::CreateEvent(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "HID:EventGyroscope");
+    g_event_gyroscope      = Event::Create(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "HID:EventGyroscope").MoveFrom();
-    g_event_debug_pad = Kernel::CreateEvent(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "HID:EventDebugPad");
+    g_event_debug_pad      = Event::Create(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "HID:EventDebugPad").MoveFrom();
 }
 
 void HIDShutdown() {

src/core/hle/service/hid/hid.h

@@ -9,18 +9,23 @@
 #include "core/hle/kernel/kernel.h"
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 
+namespace Kernel {
+    class SharedMemory;
+    class Event;
+}
+
 namespace Service {
 namespace HID {
 
 // Handle to shared memory region designated to HID_User service
-extern Handle g_shared_mem;
+extern Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::SharedMemory> g_shared_mem;
 
 // Event handles
-extern Handle g_event_pad_or_touch_1;
+extern Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> g_event_pad_or_touch_1;
-extern Handle g_event_pad_or_touch_2;
+extern Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> g_event_pad_or_touch_2;
-extern Handle g_event_accelerometer;
+extern Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> g_event_accelerometer;
-extern Handle g_event_gyroscope;
+extern Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> g_event_gyroscope;
-extern Handle g_event_debug_pad;
+extern Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> g_event_debug_pad;
 
 /**
  * Structure of a Pad controller state.

src/core/hle/service/hid/hid_user.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 #include "common/log.h"
 
 #include "core/hle/hle.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/event.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/shared_memory.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/hid/hid.h"
 #include "hid_user.h"
 
@@ -46,12 +48,13 @@ void GetIPCHandles(Service::Interface* self) {
     u32* cmd_buff = Kernel::GetCommandBuffer();
 
     cmd_buff[1] = 0; // No error
-    cmd_buff[3] = Service::HID::g_shared_mem;
+    // TODO(yuriks): Return error from SendSyncRequest is this fails (part of IPC marshalling)
-    cmd_buff[4] = Service::HID::g_event_pad_or_touch_1;
+    cmd_buff[3] = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(Service::HID::g_shared_mem).MoveFrom();
-    cmd_buff[5] = Service::HID::g_event_pad_or_touch_2;
+    cmd_buff[4] = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(Service::HID::g_event_pad_or_touch_1).MoveFrom();
-    cmd_buff[6] = Service::HID::g_event_accelerometer;
+    cmd_buff[5] = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(Service::HID::g_event_pad_or_touch_2).MoveFrom();
-    cmd_buff[7] = Service::HID::g_event_gyroscope;
+    cmd_buff[6] = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(Service::HID::g_event_accelerometer).MoveFrom();
-    cmd_buff[8] = Service::HID::g_event_debug_pad;
+    cmd_buff[7] = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(Service::HID::g_event_gyroscope).MoveFrom();
+    cmd_buff[8] = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(Service::HID::g_event_debug_pad).MoveFrom();
 }
 
 const Interface::FunctionInfo FunctionTable[] = {

src/core/hle/service/srv.cpp

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 namespace SRV {
 
-static Handle g_event_handle = 0;
+static Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Event> event_handle;
 
 static void Initialize(Service::Interface* self) {
     u32* cmd_buff = Kernel::GetCommandBuffer();
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ static void GetProcSemaphore(Service::Interface* self) {
     u32* cmd_buff = Kernel::GetCommandBuffer();
 
     // TODO(bunnei): Change to a semaphore once these have been implemented
-    g_event_handle = Kernel::CreateEvent(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "SRV:Event");
+    event_handle = Kernel::Event::Create(RESETTYPE_ONESHOT, "SRV:Event").MoveFrom();
-    Kernel::ClearEvent(g_event_handle);
+    event_handle->Clear();
 
     cmd_buff[1] = 0; // No error
-    cmd_buff[3] = g_event_handle;
+    cmd_buff[3] = Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(event_handle).MoveFrom();
 }
 
 static void GetServiceHandle(Service::Interface* self) {

src/core/hle/svc.cpp

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 // Namespace SVC
 
 using Kernel::SharedPtr;
+using Kernel::ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
 namespace SVC {
 
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ enum ControlMemoryOperation {
 };
 
 /// Map application or GSP heap memory
-static Result ControlMemory(u32* out_addr, u32 operation, u32 addr0, u32 addr1, u32 size, u32 permissions) {
+static ResultCode ControlMemory(u32* out_addr, u32 operation, u32 addr0, u32 addr1, u32 size, u32 permissions) {
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC,"called operation=0x%08X, addr0=0x%08X, addr1=0x%08X, size=%08X, permissions=0x%08X",
         operation, addr0, addr1, size, permissions);
 
@@ -58,35 +59,42 @@ static Result ControlMemory(u32* out_addr, u32 operation, u32 addr0, u32 addr1,
     default:
         LOG_ERROR(Kernel_SVC, "unknown operation=0x%08X", operation);
     }
-    return 0;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Maps a memory block to specified address
-static Result MapMemoryBlock(Handle handle, u32 addr, u32 permissions, u32 other_permissions) {
+static ResultCode MapMemoryBlock(Handle handle, u32 addr, u32 permissions, u32 other_permissions) {
+    using Kernel::SharedMemory;
+    using Kernel::MemoryPermission;
+
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called memblock=0x%08X, addr=0x%08X, mypermissions=0x%08X, otherpermission=%d",
         handle, addr, permissions, other_permissions);
 
-    Kernel::MemoryPermission permissions_type = static_cast<Kernel::MemoryPermission>(permissions);
+    SharedPtr<SharedMemory> shared_memory = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<SharedMemory>(handle);
+    if (shared_memory == nullptr)
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+    MemoryPermission permissions_type = static_cast<MemoryPermission>(permissions);
     switch (permissions_type) {
-    case Kernel::MemoryPermission::Read:
+    case MemoryPermission::Read:
-    case Kernel::MemoryPermission::Write:
+    case MemoryPermission::Write:
-    case Kernel::MemoryPermission::ReadWrite:
+    case MemoryPermission::ReadWrite:
-    case Kernel::MemoryPermission::Execute:
+    case MemoryPermission::Execute:
-    case Kernel::MemoryPermission::ReadExecute:
+    case MemoryPermission::ReadExecute:
-    case Kernel::MemoryPermission::WriteExecute:
+    case MemoryPermission::WriteExecute:
-    case Kernel::MemoryPermission::ReadWriteExecute:
+    case MemoryPermission::ReadWriteExecute:
-    case Kernel::MemoryPermission::DontCare:
+    case MemoryPermission::DontCare:
-        Kernel::MapSharedMemory(handle, addr, permissions_type,
+        shared_memory->Map(addr, permissions_type,
-            static_cast<Kernel::MemoryPermission>(other_permissions));
+                static_cast<MemoryPermission>(other_permissions));
         break;
     default:
         LOG_ERROR(Kernel_SVC, "unknown permissions=0x%08X", permissions);
     }
-    return 0;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Connect to an OS service given the port name, returns the handle to the port to out
-static Result ConnectToPort(Handle* out, const char* port_name) {
+static ResultCode ConnectToPort(Handle* out, const char* port_name) {
     Service::Interface* service = Service::g_manager->FetchFromPortName(port_name);
 
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called port_name=%s", port_name);
@@ -94,33 +102,33 @@ static Result ConnectToPort(Handle* out, const char* port_name) {
 
     *out = service->GetHandle();
 
-    return 0;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Synchronize to an OS service
-static Result SendSyncRequest(Handle handle) {
+static ResultCode SendSyncRequest(Handle handle) {
     SharedPtr<Kernel::Session> session = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Kernel::Session>(handle);
     if (session == nullptr) {
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel).raw;
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
     }
 
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called handle=0x%08X(%s)", handle, session->GetName().c_str());
 
-    return session->SyncRequest().Code().raw;
+    return session->SyncRequest().Code();
 }
 
 /// Close a handle
-static Result CloseHandle(Handle handle) {
+static ResultCode CloseHandle(Handle handle) {
     // ImplementMe
     LOG_ERROR(Kernel_SVC, "(UNIMPLEMENTED) called handle=0x%08X", handle);
-    return 0;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Wait for a handle to synchronize, timeout after the specified nanoseconds
-static Result WaitSynchronization1(Handle handle, s64 nano_seconds) {
+static ResultCode WaitSynchronization1(Handle handle, s64 nano_seconds) {
     auto object = Kernel::g_handle_table.GetWaitObject(handle);
     if (object == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel).raw;
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called handle=0x%08X(%s:%s), nanoseconds=%lld", handle,
             object->GetTypeName().c_str(), object->GetName().c_str(), nano_seconds);
@@ -137,22 +145,22 @@ static Result WaitSynchronization1(Handle handle, s64 nano_seconds) {
         HLE::Reschedule(__func__);
 
         // NOTE: output of this SVC will be set later depending on how the thread resumes
-        return RESULT_INVALID.raw;
+        return RESULT_INVALID;
     }
 
     object->Acquire();
 
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS.raw;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Wait for the given handles to synchronize, timeout after the specified nanoseconds
-static Result WaitSynchronizationN(s32* out, Handle* handles, s32 handle_count, bool wait_all, s64 nano_seconds) {
+static ResultCode WaitSynchronizationN(s32* out, Handle* handles, s32 handle_count, bool wait_all, s64 nano_seconds) {
     bool wait_thread = !wait_all;
     int handle_index = 0;
 
     // Check if 'handles' is invalid
     if (handles == nullptr)
-        return ResultCode(ErrorDescription::InvalidPointer, ErrorModule::Kernel, ErrorSummary::InvalidArgument, ErrorLevel::Permanent).raw;
+        return ResultCode(ErrorDescription::InvalidPointer, ErrorModule::Kernel, ErrorSummary::InvalidArgument, ErrorLevel::Permanent);
 
     // NOTE: on real hardware, there is no nullptr check for 'out' (tested with firmware 4.4). If
     // this happens, the running application will crash.
@@ -160,7 +168,7 @@ static Result WaitSynchronizationN(s32* out, Handle* handles, s32 handle_count,
 
     // Check if 'handle_count' is invalid
     if (handle_count < 0)
-        return ResultCode(ErrorDescription::OutOfRange, ErrorModule::OS, ErrorSummary::InvalidArgument, ErrorLevel::Usage).raw;
+        return ResultCode(ErrorDescription::OutOfRange, ErrorModule::OS, ErrorSummary::InvalidArgument, ErrorLevel::Usage);
 
     // If 'handle_count' is non-zero, iterate through each handle and wait the current thread if
     // necessary
@@ -169,7 +177,7 @@ static Result WaitSynchronizationN(s32* out, Handle* handles, s32 handle_count,
         for (int i = 0; i < handle_count; ++i) {
             auto object = Kernel::g_handle_table.GetWaitObject(handles[i]);
             if (object == nullptr)
-                return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel).raw;
+                return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
             // Check if the current thread should wait on this object...
             if (object->ShouldWait()) {
@@ -213,7 +221,7 @@ static Result WaitSynchronizationN(s32* out, Handle* handles, s32 handle_count,
         HLE::Reschedule(__func__);
 
         // NOTE: output of this SVC will be set later depending on how the thread resumes
-        return RESULT_INVALID.raw;
+        return RESULT_INVALID;
     }
 
     // Acquire objects if we did not wait...
@@ -235,22 +243,32 @@ static Result WaitSynchronizationN(s32* out, Handle* handles, s32 handle_count,
     // not seem to set it to any meaningful value.
     *out = wait_all ? 0 : handle_index;
 
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS.raw;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Create an address arbiter (to allocate access to shared resources)
-static Result CreateAddressArbiter(u32* arbiter) {
+static ResultCode CreateAddressArbiter(Handle* out_handle) {
-    Handle handle = Kernel::CreateAddressArbiter();
+    using Kernel::AddressArbiter;
-    *arbiter = handle;
+
-    return 0;
+    CASCADE_RESULT(SharedPtr<AddressArbiter> arbiter, AddressArbiter::Create());
+    CASCADE_RESULT(*out_handle, Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(std::move(arbiter)));
+    LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "returned handle=0x%08X", *out_handle);
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Arbitrate address
-static Result ArbitrateAddress(Handle arbiter, u32 address, u32 type, u32 value, s64 nanoseconds) {
+static ResultCode ArbitrateAddress(Handle handle, u32 address, u32 type, u32 value, s64 nanoseconds) {
-    LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called handle=0x%08X, address=0x%08X, type=0x%08X, value=0x%08X", arbiter,
+    using Kernel::AddressArbiter;
+
+    LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called handle=0x%08X, address=0x%08X, type=0x%08X, value=0x%08X", handle,
         address, type, value);
-    return Kernel::ArbitrateAddress(arbiter, static_cast<Kernel::ArbitrationType>(type),
+
-            address, value, nanoseconds).raw;
+    SharedPtr<AddressArbiter> arbiter = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<AddressArbiter>(handle);
+    if (arbiter == nullptr)
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+    return arbiter->ArbitrateAddress(static_cast<Kernel::ArbitrationType>(type),
+            address, value, nanoseconds);
 }
 
 /// Used to output a message on a debug hardware unit - does nothing on a retail unit
@@ -259,26 +277,26 @@ static void OutputDebugString(const char* string) {
 }
 
 /// Get resource limit
-static Result GetResourceLimit(Handle* resource_limit, Handle process) {
+static ResultCode GetResourceLimit(Handle* resource_limit, Handle process) {
     // With regards to proceess values:
     // 0xFFFF8001 is a handle alias for the current KProcess, and 0xFFFF8000 is a handle alias for
     // the current KThread.
     *resource_limit = 0xDEADBEEF;
     LOG_ERROR(Kernel_SVC, "(UNIMPLEMENTED) called process=0x%08X", process);
-    return 0;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Get resource limit current values
-static Result GetResourceLimitCurrentValues(s64* values, Handle resource_limit, void* names,
+static ResultCode GetResourceLimitCurrentValues(s64* values, Handle resource_limit, void* names,
     s32 name_count) {
     LOG_ERROR(Kernel_SVC, "(UNIMPLEMENTED) called resource_limit=%08X, names=%s, name_count=%d",
         resource_limit, names, name_count);
     Memory::Write32(Core::g_app_core->GetReg(0), 0); // Normmatt: Set used memory to 0 for now
-    return 0;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Creates a new thread
-static Result CreateThread(u32 priority, u32 entry_point, u32 arg, u32 stack_top, u32 processor_id) {
+static ResultCode CreateThread(u32* out_handle, u32 priority, u32 entry_point, u32 arg, u32 stack_top, u32 processor_id) {
     using Kernel::Thread;
 
     std::string name;
@@ -289,25 +307,20 @@ static Result CreateThread(u32 priority, u32 entry_point, u32 arg, u32 stack_top
         name = Common::StringFromFormat("unknown-%08x", entry_point);
     }
 
-    ResultVal<SharedPtr<Thread>> thread_res = Kernel::Thread::Create(
+    CASCADE_RESULT(SharedPtr<Thread> thread, Kernel::Thread::Create(
-            name, entry_point, priority, arg, processor_id, stack_top, Kernel::DEFAULT_STACK_SIZE);
+            name, entry_point, priority, arg, processor_id, stack_top, Kernel::DEFAULT_STACK_SIZE));
-    if (thread_res.Failed())
+    CASCADE_RESULT(*out_handle, Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(std::move(thread)));
-        return thread_res.Code().raw;
-    SharedPtr<Thread> thread = std::move(*thread_res);
-
-    // TODO(yuriks): Create new handle instead of using built-in
-    Core::g_app_core->SetReg(1, thread->GetHandle());
 
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called entrypoint=0x%08X (%s), arg=0x%08X, stacktop=0x%08X, "
         "threadpriority=0x%08X, processorid=0x%08X : created handle=0x%08X", entry_point,
-        name.c_str(), arg, stack_top, priority, processor_id, thread->GetHandle());
+        name.c_str(), arg, stack_top, priority, processor_id, *out_handle);
 
     if (THREADPROCESSORID_1 == processor_id) {
         LOG_WARNING(Kernel_SVC,
             "thread designated for system CPU core (UNIMPLEMENTED) will be run with app core scheduling");
     }
 
-    return 0;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Called when a thread exits
@@ -319,128 +332,192 @@ static void ExitThread() {
 }
 
 /// Gets the priority for the specified thread
-static Result GetThreadPriority(s32* priority, Handle handle) {
+static ResultCode GetThreadPriority(s32* priority, Handle handle) {
     const SharedPtr<Kernel::Thread> thread = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Kernel::Thread>(handle);
     if (thread == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel).raw;
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
     *priority = thread->GetPriority();
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS.raw;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Sets the priority for the specified thread
-static Result SetThreadPriority(Handle handle, s32 priority) {
+static ResultCode SetThreadPriority(Handle handle, s32 priority) {
     SharedPtr<Kernel::Thread> thread = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Kernel::Thread>(handle);
     if (thread == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel).raw;
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
     thread->SetPriority(priority);
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS.raw;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Create a mutex
-static Result CreateMutex(Handle* mutex, u32 initial_locked) {
+static ResultCode CreateMutex(Handle* out_handle, u32 initial_locked) {
-    *mutex = Kernel::CreateMutex((initial_locked != 0));
+    using Kernel::Mutex;
+
+    CASCADE_RESULT(SharedPtr<Mutex> mutex, Mutex::Create(initial_locked != 0));
+    CASCADE_RESULT(*out_handle, Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(std::move(mutex)));
+
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called initial_locked=%s : created handle=0x%08X",
-        initial_locked ? "true" : "false", *mutex);
+        initial_locked ? "true" : "false", *out_handle);
-    return 0;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Release a mutex
-static Result ReleaseMutex(Handle handle) {
+static ResultCode ReleaseMutex(Handle handle) {
+    using Kernel::Mutex;
+
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called handle=0x%08X", handle);
-    ResultCode res = Kernel::ReleaseMutex(handle);
+
-    return res.raw;
+    SharedPtr<Mutex> mutex = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Mutex>(handle);
+    if (mutex == nullptr)
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+    mutex->Release();
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Get the ID for the specified thread.
-static Result GetThreadId(u32* thread_id, Handle handle) {
+static ResultCode GetThreadId(u32* thread_id, Handle handle) {
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called thread=0x%08X", handle);
 
     const SharedPtr<Kernel::Thread> thread = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Kernel::Thread>(handle);
     if (thread == nullptr)
-        return InvalidHandle(ErrorModule::Kernel).raw;
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
 
     *thread_id = thread->GetThreadId();
-    return RESULT_SUCCESS.raw;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Creates a semaphore
-static Result CreateSemaphore(Handle* semaphore, s32 initial_count, s32 max_count) {
+static ResultCode CreateSemaphore(Handle* out_handle, s32 initial_count, s32 max_count) {
-    ResultCode res = Kernel::CreateSemaphore(semaphore, initial_count, max_count);
+    using Kernel::Semaphore;
+
+    CASCADE_RESULT(SharedPtr<Semaphore> semaphore, Semaphore::Create(initial_count, max_count));
+    CASCADE_RESULT(*out_handle, Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(std::move(semaphore)));
+
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called initial_count=%d, max_count=%d, created handle=0x%08X",
-        initial_count, max_count, *semaphore);
+        initial_count, max_count, *out_handle);
-    return res.raw;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Releases a certain number of slots in a semaphore
-static Result ReleaseSemaphore(s32* count, Handle semaphore, s32 release_count) {
+static ResultCode ReleaseSemaphore(s32* count, Handle handle, s32 release_count) {
-    LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called release_count=%d, handle=0x%08X", release_count, semaphore);
+    using Kernel::Semaphore;
-    ResultCode res = Kernel::ReleaseSemaphore(count, semaphore, release_count);
+
-    return res.raw;
+    LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called release_count=%d, handle=0x%08X", release_count, handle);
+
+    SharedPtr<Semaphore> semaphore = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Semaphore>(handle);
+    if (semaphore == nullptr)
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+    CASCADE_RESULT(*count, semaphore->Release(release_count));
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Query memory
-static Result QueryMemory(void* info, void* out, u32 addr) {
+static ResultCode QueryMemory(void* info, void* out, u32 addr) {
     LOG_ERROR(Kernel_SVC, "(UNIMPLEMENTED) called addr=0x%08X", addr);
-    return 0;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Create an event
-static Result CreateEvent(Handle* evt, u32 reset_type) {
+static ResultCode CreateEvent(Handle* out_handle, u32 reset_type) {
-    *evt = Kernel::CreateEvent((ResetType)reset_type);
+    CASCADE_RESULT(auto evt, Kernel::Event::Create(static_cast<ResetType>(reset_type)));
+    CASCADE_RESULT(*out_handle, Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(std::move(evt)));
+
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called reset_type=0x%08X : created handle=0x%08X",
-        reset_type, *evt);
+            reset_type, *out_handle);
-    return 0;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Duplicates a kernel handle
-static Result DuplicateHandle(Handle* out, Handle handle) {
+static ResultCode DuplicateHandle(Handle* out, Handle handle) {
     ResultVal<Handle> out_h = Kernel::g_handle_table.Duplicate(handle);
     if (out_h.Succeeded()) {
         *out = *out_h;
         LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "duplicated 0x%08X to 0x%08X", handle, *out);
     }
-    return out_h.Code().raw;
+    return out_h.Code();
 }
 
 /// Signals an event
-static Result SignalEvent(Handle evt) {
+static ResultCode SignalEvent(Handle handle) {
-    LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called event=0x%08X", evt);
+    LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called event=0x%08X", handle);
+
+    auto evt = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Kernel::Event>(handle);
+    if (evt == nullptr)
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+    evt->Signal();
     HLE::Reschedule(__func__);
-    return Kernel::SignalEvent(evt).raw;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Clears an event
-static Result ClearEvent(Handle evt) {
+static ResultCode ClearEvent(Handle handle) {
-    LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called event=0x%08X", evt);
+    LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called event=0x%08X", handle);
-    return Kernel::ClearEvent(evt).raw;
+
+    auto evt = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Kernel::Event>(handle);
+    if (evt == nullptr)
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+    evt->Clear();
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Creates a timer
-static Result CreateTimer(Handle* handle, u32 reset_type) {
+static ResultCode CreateTimer(Handle* out_handle, u32 reset_type) {
-    ResultCode res = Kernel::CreateTimer(handle, static_cast<ResetType>(reset_type));
+    using Kernel::Timer;
+
+    CASCADE_RESULT(auto timer, Timer::Create(static_cast<ResetType>(reset_type)));
+    CASCADE_RESULT(*out_handle, Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(std::move(timer)));
+
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called reset_type=0x%08X : created handle=0x%08X",
-        reset_type, *handle);
+            reset_type, *out_handle);
-    return res.raw;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Clears a timer
-static Result ClearTimer(Handle handle) {
+static ResultCode ClearTimer(Handle handle) {
+    using Kernel::Timer;
+
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called timer=0x%08X", handle);
-    return Kernel::ClearTimer(handle).raw;
+
+    SharedPtr<Timer> timer = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Timer>(handle);
+    if (timer == nullptr)
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+    timer->Clear();
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Starts a timer
-static Result SetTimer(Handle handle, s64 initial, s64 interval) {
+static ResultCode SetTimer(Handle handle, s64 initial, s64 interval) {
+    using Kernel::Timer;
+
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called timer=0x%08X", handle);
-    return Kernel::SetTimer(handle, initial, interval).raw;
+
+    SharedPtr<Timer> timer = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Timer>(handle);
+    if (timer == nullptr)
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+    timer->Set(initial, interval);
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Cancels a timer
-static Result CancelTimer(Handle handle) {
+static ResultCode CancelTimer(Handle handle) {
+    using Kernel::Timer;
+
     LOG_TRACE(Kernel_SVC, "called timer=0x%08X", handle);
-    return Kernel::CancelTimer(handle).raw;
+
+    SharedPtr<Timer> timer = Kernel::g_handle_table.Get<Timer>(handle);
+    if (timer == nullptr)
+        return ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+    timer->Cancel();
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /// Sleep the current thread
@@ -462,15 +539,16 @@ static s64 GetSystemTick() {
 }
 
 /// Creates a memory block at the specified address with the specified permissions and size
-static Result CreateMemoryBlock(Handle* memblock, u32 addr, u32 size, u32 my_permission,
+static ResultCode CreateMemoryBlock(Handle* out_handle, u32 addr, u32 size, u32 my_permission,
         u32 other_permission) {
-
+    using Kernel::SharedMemory;
     // TODO(Subv): Implement this function
 
-    Handle shared_memory = Kernel::CreateSharedMemory();
+    CASCADE_RESULT(auto shared_memory, SharedMemory::Create());
-    *memblock = shared_memory;
+    CASCADE_RESULT(*out_handle, Kernel::g_handle_table.Create(std::move(shared_memory)));
+
     LOG_WARNING(Kernel_SVC, "(STUBBED) called addr=0x%08X", addr);
-    return 0;
+    return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 const HLE::FunctionDef SVC_Table[] = {

src/core/mem_map.h

@@ -7,12 +7,9 @@
 #include "common/common.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 
-namespace Memory {
+#include "core/hle/kernel/kernel.h"
 
-// TODO: It would be nice to eventually replace these with strong types that prevent accidental
+namespace Memory {
-// conversion between each other.
-typedef u32 VAddr; ///< Represents a pointer in the ARM11 virtual address space.
-typedef u32 PAddr; ///< Represents a pointer in the physical address space.
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
@@ -190,7 +187,3 @@ VAddr PhysicalToVirtualAddress(PAddr addr);
 PAddr VirtualToPhysicalAddress(VAddr addr);
 
 } // namespace
-
-// These are used often, so re-export then on the root namespace
-using Memory::VAddr;
-using Memory::PAddr;