pcsx2/common/CrashHandler.cpp

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// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2002-2024 PCSX2 Dev Team
// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0+
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#include "Pcsx2Defs.h"
#include "CrashHandler.h"
#include "DynamicLibrary.h"
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#include "FileSystem.h"
#include "StringUtil.h"
#include <cinttypes>
#include <cstdio>
#include <ctime>
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#if defined(_WIN32)
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#include "RedtapeWindows.h"
#include "StackWalker.h"
#include <DbgHelp.h>
class CrashHandlerStackWalker : public StackWalker
{
public:
explicit CrashHandlerStackWalker(HANDLE out_file);
~CrashHandlerStackWalker();
protected:
void OnOutput(LPCSTR szText) override;
private:
HANDLE m_out_file;
};
CrashHandlerStackWalker::CrashHandlerStackWalker(HANDLE out_file)
: StackWalker(RetrieveVerbose, nullptr, GetCurrentProcessId(), GetCurrentProcess())
, m_out_file(out_file)
{
}
CrashHandlerStackWalker::~CrashHandlerStackWalker() = default;
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void CrashHandlerStackWalker::OnOutput(LPCSTR szText)
{
if (m_out_file)
{
DWORD written;
WriteFile(m_out_file, szText, static_cast<DWORD>(std::strlen(szText)), &written, nullptr);
}
OutputDebugStringA(szText);
}
static bool WriteMinidump(HMODULE hDbgHelp, HANDLE hFile, HANDLE hProcess, DWORD process_id, DWORD thread_id,
PEXCEPTION_POINTERS exception, MINIDUMP_TYPE type)
{
using PFNMINIDUMPWRITEDUMP =
BOOL(WINAPI*)(HANDLE hProcess, DWORD ProcessId, HANDLE hFile, MINIDUMP_TYPE DumpType,
PMINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION ExceptionParam, PMINIDUMP_USER_STREAM_INFORMATION UserStreamParam,
PMINIDUMP_CALLBACK_INFORMATION CallbackParam);
PFNMINIDUMPWRITEDUMP minidump_write_dump = hDbgHelp ?
reinterpret_cast<PFNMINIDUMPWRITEDUMP>(GetProcAddress(hDbgHelp, "MiniDumpWriteDump")) :
nullptr;
if (!minidump_write_dump)
return false;
MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION mei;
PMINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION mei_ptr = nullptr;
if (exception)
{
mei.ThreadId = thread_id;
mei.ExceptionPointers = exception;
mei.ClientPointers = FALSE;
mei_ptr = &mei;
}
return minidump_write_dump(hProcess, process_id, hFile, type, mei_ptr, nullptr, nullptr);
}
static std::wstring s_write_directory;
static DynamicLibrary s_dbghelp_module;
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static bool s_in_crash_handler = false;
static void GenerateCrashFilename(wchar_t* buf, size_t len, const wchar_t* prefix, const wchar_t* extension)
{
SYSTEMTIME st = {};
GetLocalTime(&st);
_snwprintf_s(buf, len, _TRUNCATE, L"%s%scrash-%04u-%02u-%02u-%02u-%02u-%02u-%03u.%s",
prefix ? prefix : L"", prefix ? L"\\" : L"",
st.wYear, st.wMonth, st.wDay, st.wHour, st.wMinute, st.wSecond, st.wMilliseconds, extension);
}
static void WriteMinidumpAndCallstack(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS exi)
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{
s_in_crash_handler = true;
wchar_t filename[1024] = {};
GenerateCrashFilename(filename, std::size(filename), s_write_directory.empty() ? nullptr : s_write_directory.c_str(), L"txt");
// might fail
HANDLE hFile = CreateFileW(filename, GENERIC_WRITE, 0, nullptr, CREATE_ALWAYS, 0, nullptr);
if (exi && hFile != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
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{
char line[1024];
DWORD written;
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std::snprintf(line, std::size(line), "Exception 0x%08X at 0x%p\n", static_cast<unsigned>(exi->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode),
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exi->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionAddress);
WriteFile(hFile, line, static_cast<DWORD>(std::strlen(line)), &written, nullptr);
}
GenerateCrashFilename(filename, std::size(filename), s_write_directory.empty() ? nullptr : s_write_directory.c_str(), L"dmp");
const MINIDUMP_TYPE minidump_type =
static_cast<MINIDUMP_TYPE>(MiniDumpNormal | MiniDumpWithHandleData | MiniDumpWithProcessThreadData |
MiniDumpWithThreadInfo | MiniDumpWithIndirectlyReferencedMemory);
const HANDLE hMinidumpFile = CreateFileW(filename, GENERIC_WRITE, 0, nullptr, CREATE_ALWAYS, 0, nullptr);
if (hMinidumpFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ||
!WriteMinidump(static_cast<HMODULE>(s_dbghelp_module.GetHandle()), hMinidumpFile, GetCurrentProcess(), GetCurrentProcessId(),
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GetCurrentThreadId(), exi, minidump_type))
{
static const char error_message[] = "Failed to write minidump file.\n";
if (hFile != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
DWORD written;
WriteFile(hFile, error_message, sizeof(error_message) - 1, &written, nullptr);
}
}
if (hMinidumpFile != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
CloseHandle(hMinidumpFile);
CrashHandlerStackWalker sw(hFile);
sw.ShowCallstack(GetCurrentThread(), exi ? exi->ContextRecord : nullptr);
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if (hFile != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
CloseHandle(hFile);
}
static LONG NTAPI ExceptionHandler(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS exi)
{
// if the debugger is attached, or we're recursively crashing, let it take care of it.
if (!s_in_crash_handler)
WriteMinidumpAndCallstack(exi);
// returning EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH makes sense, except for the fact that it seems to leave zombie processes
// around. instead, force ourselves to terminate.
TerminateProcess(GetCurrentProcess(), 0xFEFEFEFEu);
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return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
}
bool CrashHandler::Install()
{
// load dbghelp at install/startup, that way we're not LoadLibrary()'ing after a crash
// .. because that probably wouldn't go down well.
HMODULE mod = StackWalker::LoadDbgHelpLibrary();
if (mod)
s_dbghelp_module.Adopt(mod);
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SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(ExceptionHandler);
return true;
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}
void CrashHandler::SetWriteDirectory(std::string_view dump_directory)
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{
s_write_directory = FileSystem::GetWin32Path(dump_directory);
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}
void CrashHandler::WriteDumpForCaller()
{
WriteMinidumpAndCallstack(nullptr);
}
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#elif defined(HAS_LIBBACKTRACE)
#include "FileSystem.h"
#include <backtrace.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <cstdio>
#include <mutex>
namespace CrashHandler
{
struct BacktraceBuffer
{
char* buffer;
size_t used;
size_t size;
};
static const char* GetSignalName(int signal_no);
static void AllocateBuffer(BacktraceBuffer* buf);
static void FreeBuffer(BacktraceBuffer* buf);
static void AppendToBuffer(BacktraceBuffer* buf, const char* format, ...);
static int BacktraceFullCallback(void* data, uintptr_t pc, const char* filename, int lineno, const char* function);
static void CallExistingSignalHandler(int signal, siginfo_t* siginfo, void* ctx);
static void CrashSignalHandler(int signal, siginfo_t* siginfo, void* ctx);
static std::recursive_mutex s_crash_mutex;
static bool s_in_signal_handler = false;
static backtrace_state* s_backtrace_state = nullptr;
static struct sigaction s_old_sigbus_action;
static struct sigaction s_old_sigsegv_action;
}
const char* CrashHandler::GetSignalName(int signal_no)
{
switch (signal_no)
{
// Don't need to list all of them, there's only a couple we register.
// clang-format off
case SIGSEGV: return "SIGSEGV";
case SIGBUS: return "SIGBUS";
default: return "UNKNOWN";
// clang-format on
}
}
void CrashHandler::AllocateBuffer(BacktraceBuffer* buf)
{
buf->used = 0;
buf->size = __pagesize;
buf->buffer = static_cast<char*>(mmap(nullptr, buf->size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0));
if (buf->buffer == static_cast<char*>(MAP_FAILED))
{
buf->buffer = nullptr;
buf->size = 0;
}
}
void CrashHandler::FreeBuffer(BacktraceBuffer* buf)
{
if (buf->buffer)
munmap(buf->buffer, buf->size);
}
void CrashHandler::AppendToBuffer(BacktraceBuffer* buf, const char* format, ...)
{
std::va_list ap;
va_start(ap, format);
// Hope this doesn't allocate memory... it *can*, but hopefully unlikely since
// it won't be the first call, and we're providing the buffer.
if (buf->size > 0 && buf->used < (buf->size - 1))
{
const int written = std::vsnprintf(buf->buffer + buf->used, buf->size - buf->used, format, ap);
if (written > 0)
buf->used += static_cast<size_t>(written);
}
va_end(ap);
}
int CrashHandler::BacktraceFullCallback(void* data, uintptr_t pc, const char* filename, int lineno, const char* function)
{
BacktraceBuffer* buf = static_cast<BacktraceBuffer*>(data);
AppendToBuffer(buf, " %016p", pc);
if (function)
AppendToBuffer(buf, " %s", function);
if (filename)
AppendToBuffer(buf, " [%s:%d]", filename, lineno);
AppendToBuffer(buf, "\n");
return 0;
}
void CrashHandler::CallExistingSignalHandler(int signal, siginfo_t* siginfo, void* ctx)
{
const struct sigaction& sa = (signal == SIGBUS) ? s_old_sigbus_action : s_old_sigsegv_action;
if (sa.sa_flags & SA_SIGINFO)
{
sa.sa_sigaction(signal, siginfo, ctx);
}
else if (sa.sa_handler == SIG_DFL)
{
// Re-raising the signal would just queue it, and since we'd restore the handler back to us,
// we'd end up right back here again. So just abort, because that's probably what it'd do anyway.
abort();
}
else if (sa.sa_handler != SIG_IGN)
{
sa.sa_handler(signal);
}
}
void CrashHandler::CrashSignalHandler(int signal, siginfo_t* siginfo, void* ctx)
{
std::unique_lock lock(s_crash_mutex);
// If we crash somewhere in libbacktrace, don't bother trying again.
if (!s_in_signal_handler)
{
s_in_signal_handler = true;
#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__x86_64__)
void* const exception_pc = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<ucontext_t*>(ctx)->uc_mcontext->__ss.__rip);
#elif defined(__FreeBSD__) && defined(__x86_64__)
void* const exception_pc = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<ucontext_t*>(ctx)->uc_mcontext.mc_rip);
#elif defined(__x86_64__)
void* const exception_pc = reinterpret_cast<void*>(static_cast<ucontext_t*>(ctx)->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_RIP]);
#else
void* const exception_pc = nullptr;
#endif
BacktraceBuffer buf;
AllocateBuffer(&buf);
AppendToBuffer(&buf, "*************** Unhandled %s at %p ***************\n", GetSignalName(signal), exception_pc);
const int rc = backtrace_full(s_backtrace_state, 0, BacktraceFullCallback, nullptr, &buf);
if (rc != 0)
AppendToBuffer(&buf, " backtrace_full() failed: %d\n");
AppendToBuffer(&buf, "*******************************************************************\n");
if (buf.used > 0)
write(STDERR_FILENO, buf.buffer, buf.used);
FreeBuffer(&buf);
s_in_signal_handler = false;
}
// Chances are we're not going to have anything else to call, but just in case.
lock.unlock();
CallExistingSignalHandler(signal, siginfo, ctx);
}
bool CrashHandler::Install()
{
const std::string progpath = FileSystem::GetProgramPath();
s_backtrace_state = backtrace_create_state(progpath.empty() ? nullptr : progpath.c_str(), 0, nullptr, nullptr);
if (!s_backtrace_state)
return false;
struct sigaction sa;
sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
sa.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO | SA_NODEFER;
sa.sa_sigaction = CrashSignalHandler;
if (sigaction(SIGBUS, &sa, &s_old_sigbus_action) != 0)
return false;
if (sigaction(SIGSEGV, &sa, &s_old_sigsegv_action) != 0)
return false;
return true;
}
void CrashHandler::SetWriteDirectory(std::string_view dump_directory)
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{
}
void CrashHandler::WriteDumpForCaller()
{
}
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#else
bool CrashHandler::Install()
{
return false;
}
void CrashHandler::SetWriteDirectory(std::string_view dump_directory)
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{
}
void CrashHandler::WriteDumpForCaller()
{
}
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#endif