dolphin/Source/Core/InputCommon/ControllerEmu/ControllerEmu.h

// Copyright 2010 Dolphin Emulator Project
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

#pragma once

#include <cmath>
#include <memory>
#include <mutex>
#include <string>
#include <type_traits>
#include <vector>

#include "Common/BitUtils.h"
#include "Common/Common.h"
#include "Common/IniFile.h"
#include "Common/MathUtil.h"
#include "InputCommon/ControlReference/ExpressionParser.h"
#include "InputCommon/ControllerEmu/ControlGroup/ControlGroup.h"
#include "InputCommon/ControllerInterface/CoreDevice.h"

class ControllerInterface;
class InputConfig;

constexpr const char* DIRECTION_UP = _trans("Up");
constexpr const char* DIRECTION_DOWN = _trans("Down");
constexpr const char* DIRECTION_LEFT = _trans("Left");
constexpr const char* DIRECTION_RIGHT = _trans("Right");

constexpr const char* named_directions[] = {DIRECTION_UP, DIRECTION_DOWN, DIRECTION_LEFT,
                                            DIRECTION_RIGHT};

class ControlReference;

namespace ControllerEmu
{
class ControlGroup;

// Represents calibration data found on Wii Remotes + extensions with a zero and a max value.
// (e.g. accelerometer data)
// Bits of precision specified to handle common situation of differing precision in the actual data.
template <typename T, size_t Bits>
struct TwoPointCalibration
{
  TwoPointCalibration() = default;
  TwoPointCalibration(const T& zero_, const T& max_) : zero{zero_}, max{max_} {}

  // Sanity check is that max and zero are not equal.
  constexpr bool IsSane() const
  {
    if constexpr (std::is_arithmetic_v<T>)
    {
      return max != zero;
    }
    else
    {
      return std::ranges::equal(max.data, zero.data, std::ranges::not_equal_to{});
    }
  }

  static constexpr size_t BITS_OF_PRECISION = Bits;

  T zero;
  T max;
};

// Represents calibration data with a min, zero, and max value. (e.g. joystick data)
template <typename T, size_t Bits>
struct ThreePointCalibration
{
  ThreePointCalibration() = default;
  ThreePointCalibration(const T& min_, const T& zero_, const T& max_)
      : min{min_}, zero{zero_}, max{max_}
  {
  }

  // Sanity check is that min and max are on opposite sides of the zero value.
  constexpr bool IsSane() const
  {
    if constexpr (std::is_arithmetic_v<T>)
    {
      return MathUtil::Sign(zero - min) * MathUtil::Sign(zero - max) == -1;
    }
    else
    {
      for (size_t i = 0; i != std::size(zero.data); ++i)
      {
        if (MathUtil::Sign(zero.data[i] - min.data[i]) *
                MathUtil::Sign(zero.data[i] - max.data[i]) !=
            -1)
        {
          return false;
        }
      }
      return true;
    }
  }

  static constexpr size_t BITS_OF_PRECISION = Bits;

  T min;
  T zero;
  T max;
};

// Represents a raw/uncalibrated N-dimensional value of input data. (e.g. Joystick X and Y)
// A normalized value can be calculated with a provided {Two,Three}PointCalibration.
// Values are adjusted with mismatched bits of precision.
// Underlying type may be an unsigned type or a a Common::TVecN<> of an unsigned type.
template <typename T, size_t Bits>
struct RawValue
{
  constexpr RawValue() = default;
  constexpr explicit RawValue(const T& value_) : value{value_} {}

  static constexpr size_t BITS_OF_PRECISION = Bits;

  T value;

  constexpr bool operator==(const RawValue& other) const = default;

  template <typename OtherT, size_t OtherBits>
  auto GetNormalizedValue(const TwoPointCalibration<OtherT, OtherBits>& calibration) const
  {
    const auto value_expansion =
        std::max(0, int(calibration.BITS_OF_PRECISION) - int(BITS_OF_PRECISION));

    const auto calibration_expansion =
        std::max(0, int(BITS_OF_PRECISION) - int(calibration.BITS_OF_PRECISION));

    const auto calibration_zero = ExpandValue(calibration.zero, calibration_expansion) * 1.f;
    const auto calibration_max = ExpandValue(calibration.max, calibration_expansion) * 1.f;

    // Multiplication by 1.f to floatify either a scalar or a Vec.
    return (ExpandValue(value, value_expansion) * 1.f - calibration_zero) /
           (calibration_max - calibration_zero);
  }

  template <typename OtherT, size_t OtherBits>
  auto GetNormalizedValue(const ThreePointCalibration<OtherT, OtherBits>& calibration) const
  {
    const auto value_expansion =
        std::max(0, int(calibration.BITS_OF_PRECISION) - int(BITS_OF_PRECISION));

    const auto calibration_expansion =
        std::max(0, int(BITS_OF_PRECISION) - int(calibration.BITS_OF_PRECISION));

    const auto calibration_min = ExpandValue(calibration.min, calibration_expansion) * 1.f;
    const auto calibration_zero = ExpandValue(calibration.zero, calibration_expansion) * 1.f;
    const auto calibration_max = ExpandValue(calibration.max, calibration_expansion) * 1.f;

    const auto use_max = calibration.zero < value;

    // Multiplication by 1.f to floatify either a scalar or a Vec.
    return (ExpandValue(value, value_expansion) * 1.f - calibration_zero) /
           (use_max * 1.f * (calibration_max - calibration_zero) +
            !use_max * 1.f * (calibration_zero - calibration_min));
  }

  template <typename OtherT>
  static OtherT ExpandValue(OtherT value, size_t bits)
  {
    if constexpr (std::is_arithmetic_v<OtherT>)
    {
      return Common::ExpandValue(value, bits);
    }
    else
    {
      for (size_t i = 0; i != std::size(value.data); ++i)
        value.data[i] = Common::ExpandValue(value.data[i], bits);
      return value;
    }
  }
};

class EmulatedController
{
public:
  virtual ~EmulatedController();

  virtual std::string GetName() const = 0;
  virtual std::string GetDisplayName() const;

  virtual InputConfig* GetConfig() const = 0;

  virtual void LoadDefaults(const ControllerInterface& ciface);

  virtual void LoadConfig(Common::IniFile::Section* sec, const std::string& base = "");
  virtual void SaveConfig(Common::IniFile::Section* sec, const std::string& base = "");

  bool IsDefaultDeviceConnected() const;
  const ciface::Core::DeviceQualifier& GetDefaultDevice() const;
  void SetDefaultDevice(const std::string& device);
  void SetDefaultDevice(ciface::Core::DeviceQualifier devq);

  void SetInputOverrideFunction(InputOverrideFunction override_func);
  void ClearInputOverrideFunction();

  void UpdateReferences(const ControllerInterface& devi);
  void UpdateSingleControlReference(const ControllerInterface& devi, ControlReference* ref);

  // This returns a lock that should be held before calling State() on any control
  // references and GetState(), by extension. This prevents a race condition
  // which happens while handling a hotplug event because a control reference's State()
  // could be called before we have finished updating the reference.
  [[nodiscard]] static std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> GetStateLock();
  const ciface::ExpressionParser::ControlEnvironment::VariableContainer&
  GetExpressionVariables() const;

  // Resets the values while keeping the list.
  void ResetExpressionVariables();

  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ControlGroup>> groups;

  // Maps a float from -1.0..+1.0 to an integer in the provided range.
  template <typename T, typename F>
  static T MapFloat(F input_value, T zero_value, T neg_1_value = std::numeric_limits<T>::min(),
                    T pos_1_value = std::numeric_limits<T>::max())
  {
    static_assert(std::is_integral<T>(), "T is only sane for int types.");
    static_assert(std::is_floating_point<F>(), "F is only sane for float types.");

    static_assert(std::numeric_limits<long long>::min() <= std::numeric_limits<T>::min() &&
                      std::numeric_limits<long long>::max() >= std::numeric_limits<T>::max(),
                  "long long is not a superset of T. use of std::llround is not sane.");

    // Here we round when converting from float to int.
    // After applying our deadzone, resizing, and reshaping math
    // we sometimes have a near-zero value which is slightly negative. (e.g. -0.0001)
    // Casting would round down but rounding will yield our "zero_value".

    if (input_value > 0)
      return T(std::llround((pos_1_value - zero_value) * input_value + zero_value));
    else
      return T(std::llround((zero_value - neg_1_value) * input_value + zero_value));
  }

  // The inverse of the function above.
  // Maps an integer in the provided range to a float in the range -1.0..1.0.
  template <typename F, typename T>
  static F MapToFloat(T input_value, T zero_value, T neg_1_value = std::numeric_limits<T>::min(),
                      T pos_1_value = std::numeric_limits<T>::max())
  {
    static_assert(std::is_integral<T>(), "T is only sane for int types.");
    static_assert(std::is_floating_point<F>(), "F is only sane for float types.");

    if (input_value >= zero_value)
      return F(input_value - zero_value) / F(pos_1_value - zero_value);
    else
      return -F(zero_value - input_value) / F(zero_value - neg_1_value);
  }

protected:
  // TODO: Wiimote attachments actually end up using their parent controller value for this,
  // so theirs won't be used (and thus shouldn't even exist).
  ciface::ExpressionParser::ControlEnvironment::VariableContainer m_expression_vars;

  InputOverrideFunction m_input_override_function;

  void UpdateReferences(ciface::ExpressionParser::ControlEnvironment& env);

private:
  ciface::Core::DeviceQualifier m_default_device;
  bool m_default_device_is_connected{false};
};
}  // namespace ControllerEmu