SameBoy/Core/camera.c

#include "gb.h"

static uint32_t noise_seed = 0;

/* This is not a complete emulation of the camera chip. Only the features used by the Game Boy Camera ROMs are supported.
    We also do not emulate the timing of the real cart when a webcam is used, as it might be actually faster than the webcam. */

static uint8_t generate_noise(uint8_t x, uint8_t y)
{
    uint32_t value = (x * 151 + y * 149) ^ noise_seed;
    uint32_t hash = 0;

    while (value) {
        hash <<= 1;
        if (hash & 0x100) {
            hash ^= 0x101;
        }
        if (value & 0x80000000) {
            hash ^= 0xA1;
        }
        value <<= 1;
    }
    return hash;
}

static long get_processed_color(GB_gameboy_t *gb, uint8_t x, uint8_t y)
{
    if (x == 128) {
        x = 127;
    }
    else if (x > 128) {
        x = 0;
    }
    
    if (y == 112) {
        y = 111;
    }
    else if (y >= 112) {
        y = 0;
    }

    long color = gb->camera_get_pixel_callback? gb->camera_get_pixel_callback(gb, x, y) : (generate_noise(x, y));

    static const double gain_values[] =
        {0.8809390, 0.9149149, 0.9457498, 0.9739758,
         1.0000000, 1.0241412, 1.0466537, 1.0677433,
         1.0875793, 1.1240310, 1.1568911, 1.1868043,
         1.2142561, 1.2396208, 1.2743837, 1.3157323,
         1.3525190, 1.3856512, 1.4157897, 1.4434309,
         1.4689574, 1.4926697, 1.5148087, 1.5355703,
         1.5551159, 1.5735801, 1.5910762, 1.6077008,
         1.6235366, 1.6386550, 1.6531183, 1.6669808};
    /* Multiply color by gain value */
    color *= gain_values[gb->camera_registers[GB_CAMERA_GAIN_AND_EDGE_ENHACEMENT_FLAGS] & 0x1F];


    /* Color is multiplied by the exposure register to simulate exposure. */
    color = color * ((gb->camera_registers[GB_CAMERA_EXPOSURE_HIGH] << 8) + gb->camera_registers[GB_CAMERA_EXPOSURE_LOW]) / 0x1000;

    return color;
}

uint8_t GB_camera_read_image(GB_gameboy_t *gb, uint16_t addr)
{
    uint8_t tile_x = addr / 0x10 % 0x10;
    uint8_t tile_y = addr / 0x10 / 0x10;

    uint8_t y = ((addr >> 1) & 0x7) + tile_y * 8;
    uint8_t bit = addr & 1;

    uint8_t ret = 0;

    for (uint8_t x = tile_x * 8; x < tile_x * 8 + 8; x++) {

        long color = get_processed_color(gb, x, y);

        static const double edge_enhancement_ratios[] = {0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, 2, 3, 4, 5};
        double edge_enhancement_ratio = edge_enhancement_ratios[(gb->camera_registers[GB_CAMERA_EDGE_ENHANCEMENT_INVERT_AND_VOLTAGE] >> 4) & 0x7];
        if ((gb->camera_registers[GB_CAMERA_GAIN_AND_EDGE_ENHACEMENT_FLAGS] & 0xE0) == 0xE0) {
                color += (color * 4) * edge_enhancement_ratio;
                color -= get_processed_color(gb, x - 1, y) * edge_enhancement_ratio;
                color -= get_processed_color(gb, x + 1, y) * edge_enhancement_ratio;
                color -= get_processed_color(gb, x, y - 1) * edge_enhancement_ratio;
                color -= get_processed_color(gb, x, y + 1) * edge_enhancement_ratio;
        }


        /* The camera's registers are used as a threshold pattern, which defines the dithering */
        uint8_t pattern_base = ((x & 3) + (y & 3) * 4) * 3 + GB_CAMERA_DITHERING_PATTERN_START;

        if (color < gb->camera_registers[pattern_base]) {
            color = 3;
        }
        else if (color < gb->camera_registers[pattern_base + 1]) {
            color = 2;
        }
        else if (color < gb->camera_registers[pattern_base + 2]) {
            color = 1;
        }
        else {
            color = 0;
        }

        ret <<= 1;
        ret |= (color >> bit) & 1;
    }

    return ret;
}

void GB_set_camera_get_pixel_callback(GB_gameboy_t *gb, GB_camera_get_pixel_callback_t callback)
{
    if (!callback) {
        GB_ASSERT_NOT_RUNNING_OTHER_THREAD(gb)
    }
    gb->camera_get_pixel_callback = callback;
}

void GB_set_camera_update_request_callback(GB_gameboy_t *gb, GB_camera_update_request_callback_t callback)
{
    if (!callback) {
        GB_ASSERT_NOT_RUNNING_OTHER_THREAD(gb)
    }
    if (gb->camera_countdown > 0 && callback) {
        GB_log(gb, "Camera update request callback set while camera was proccessing, clearing camera countdown.\n");
        gb->camera_countdown = 0;
        GB_camera_updated(gb);
    }

    gb->camera_update_request_callback = callback;
}

void GB_camera_updated(GB_gameboy_t *gb)
{
    gb->camera_registers[GB_CAMERA_SHOOT_AND_1D_FLAGS] &= ~1;
}

void GB_camera_write_register(GB_gameboy_t *gb, uint16_t addr, uint8_t value)
{
    addr &= 0x7F;
    if (addr == GB_CAMERA_SHOOT_AND_1D_FLAGS) {
        value &= 0x7;
        noise_seed = GB_random();
        if ((value & 1) && !(gb->camera_registers[GB_CAMERA_SHOOT_AND_1D_FLAGS] & 1)) {
            if (gb->camera_update_request_callback) {
                gb->camera_update_request_callback(gb);
            }
            else {
                /* If no callback is set, wait the amount of time the real camera would take before clearing the busy bit */
                uint16_t exposure = (gb->camera_registers[GB_CAMERA_EXPOSURE_HIGH] << 8) | gb->camera_registers[GB_CAMERA_EXPOSURE_LOW];
                gb->camera_countdown = 129792 + ((gb->camera_registers[GB_CAMERA_GAIN_AND_EDGE_ENHACEMENT_FLAGS] & 0x80)? 0 : 2048) + (exposure * 64) + (gb->camera_alignment & 4);
            }
        }

        if (!(value & 1) && (gb->camera_registers[GB_CAMERA_SHOOT_AND_1D_FLAGS] & 1)) {
            /* We don't support cancelling a camera shoot */
            GB_log(gb, "ROM attempted to cancel camera shoot, which is currently not supported. The camera shoot will not be cancelled.\n");
            value |= 1;
        }

        gb->camera_registers[GB_CAMERA_SHOOT_AND_1D_FLAGS] = value;
    }
    else {
        if (addr >= 0x36) {
            GB_log(gb, "Wrote invalid camera register %02x: %2x\n", addr, value);
            return;
        }
        gb->camera_registers[addr] = value;
    }
}
uint8_t GB_camera_read_register(GB_gameboy_t *gb, uint16_t addr)
{
    if ((addr & 0x7F) == 0) {
        return gb->camera_registers[GB_CAMERA_SHOOT_AND_1D_FLAGS];
    }
    return 0;
}