using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;

namespace ISOParser
{
	/// <summary>
	/// This class is meant to parse disk images as specified by:
	/// 
	/// ISO9660
	/// -------
	/// It should work for most disk images that are created 
	/// by the standard disk imaging software. This class is by no means
	/// robust to all variations of ISO9660.
	/// Also, this class does not currently support the UDF file system.
	/// 
	/// The information for building class came from three primary sources:
	/// 1. The ISO9660 wikipedia article:
	///     http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_9660
	/// 2. ISO9660 Simplified for DOS/Windows
	///     http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~pje/iso9660.html
	/// 3. The ISO 9660 File System
	///     http://users.telenet.be/it3.consultants.bvba/handouts/ISO9960.html
	///     
	/// 
	/// CD-I
	/// ----
	/// (asni - 20171013) - Class modified to be able to detect and consume Green 
	/// Book disc images.
	/// 
	/// The implementation of CD-I in this class adds some (but not all) additional 
	/// properties to the class structures that CD-I brings. This means that
	/// the same ISO class structures can be returned for both standards.
	/// These small additions are readily found in ISOVolumeDescriptor.cs
	/// 
	/// ISOFile.cs also now contains a public 'ISOFormat' enum that is set
	/// during disc parsing.
	/// 
	/// The main reference source for this implementation:
	/// 1. The CD-I Full Functional Specification (aka Green Book)
	///     https://www.lscdweb.com/data/downloadables/2/8/cdi_may94_r2.pdf
	/// 
	/// 
	/// TODO: Add functions to enumerate a directory or visit a file...
	/// 
	/// </summary>
	public class ISOFile
	{
		/// <summary>
		/// We are hard coding the SECTOR_SIZE
		/// </summary>
		public const int SECTOR_SIZE = 2048;

#pragma warning disable CA2211
		/// <summary>
		/// Making this a static for now. Every other way I tried was fairly ineligant (asni)
		/// </summary>
		public static ISOFormat Format;

		public static List<CDIPathNode> CDIPathTable;
#pragma warning restore CA2211

		/// <summary>
		/// This is a list of all the volume descriptors in the disk image.
		/// NOTE: The first entry should be the primary volume.
		/// </summary>
		public List<ISOVolumeDescriptor> VolumeDescriptors;

		/// <summary>
		/// The Directory that is the root of this file system
		/// </summary>
		public ISODirectoryNode Root;

		/// <summary>
		/// The type of CDFS format detected
		/// </summary>
		public ISOFormat CDFSType;

		/// <summary>
		/// Construct the ISO file data structures, but leave everything
		/// blank.
		/// </summary>
		public ISOFile()
		{
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Parse the given stream to populate the iso information
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="s">The stream which we are using to parse the image. 
		/// Should already be located at the start of the image.</param>
		public bool Parse(Stream s, int startSector = 16)
		{
			this.VolumeDescriptors = new List<ISOVolumeDescriptor>();
			Root = null;

			long startPosition = s.Position;
			byte[] buffer = new byte[ISOFile.SECTOR_SIZE];

			// Seek through the first volume descriptor
			s.Seek(startPosition + (SECTOR_SIZE * startSector), SeekOrigin.Begin);
			
			// Read one of more volume descriptors
			do
			{
				//zero 24-jun-2013 - improved validity checks

				ISOVolumeDescriptor desc = new ISOVolumeDescriptor();
				bool isValid = desc.Parse(s);
				if (!isValid) return false;

				this.CDFSType = Format;

				if (desc.IsTerminator())
					break;
				else if (desc.Type < 4)
					this.VolumeDescriptors.Add(desc);
				else
					//found a volume descriptor of incorrect type.. maybe this isnt a cdfs
					//supposedly these exist.. wait for one to show up
					return false;

			} while (true);

			//zero 24-jun-2013 - well, my very first test iso had 2 volume descriptors.
			// Check to make sure we only read one volume descriptor
			// Finding more could be an error with the disk.
			//if (this.VolumeDescriptors.Count != 1) {
			//    Console.WriteLine("Strange ISO format...");
			//    return;
			//}


			//zero 24-jun-2013 - if theres no volume descriptors, we're gonna call this not a cdfs
			if (VolumeDescriptors.Count == 0) return false;

			// Visit all the directories and get the offset of each directory/file

			// We need to keep track of the directories and files we have visited in case there are loops.
			Dictionary<long, ISONode> visitedNodes = new Dictionary<long, ISONode>();

			// Create (and visit) the root node
			this.Root = new ISODirectoryNode(this.VolumeDescriptors[0].RootDirectoryRecord);
			
			visitedNodes.Add(this.Root.Offset, this.Root);
			this.Root.Parse(s, visitedNodes);

			return true;
		}


		private List<KeyValuePair<string, ISOFileNode>> fileNodes;
		private List<ISODirectoryNode> dirsParsed;

		/// <summary>
		/// Returns a flat list of all recursed files
		/// </summary>
		public List<KeyValuePair<string, ISOFileNode>> EnumerateAllFilesRecursively()
		{
			fileNodes = new List<KeyValuePair<string, ISOFileNode>>();
			if (Root.Children == null) return fileNodes;

			dirsParsed = new List<ISODirectoryNode>();
			foreach (var idn in Root.Children.Values.OfType<ISODirectoryNode>()) // iterate through each folder
			{
				// process all files in this directory (and recursively process files in subfolders)
				if (dirsParsed.Contains(idn)) continue;
				dirsParsed.Add(idn);
				ProcessDirectoryFiles(idn.Children);                
			}
			return fileNodes.Distinct().ToList();
		}  

		private void ProcessDirectoryFiles(Dictionary<string, ISONode> idn)
		{
			foreach (var n in idn)
			{
				if (n.Value is ISODirectoryNode subdirNode)
				{
					if (dirsParsed.Contains(subdirNode)) continue;
					dirsParsed.Add(subdirNode);
					ProcessDirectoryFiles(subdirNode.Children);
				}
				else
				{
					KeyValuePair<string, ISOFileNode> f = new KeyValuePair<string, ISOFileNode>(n.Key, n.Value as ISOFileNode);
					fileNodes.Add(f);
				}
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Print the directory tree for the image.
		/// </summary>
		public void Print()
		{
			// DEBUGGING: Now print out the directory structure
			this.Root.Print(0);
		}

		public enum ISOFormat
		{
			Unknown,
			ISO9660,
			CDInteractive
		}
	}
}