using BizHawk.Common.NumberExtensions;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

namespace BizHawk.Emulation.Cores.Computers.SinclairSpectrum
{
	/// <summary>
	/// FDC State and Methods
	/// </summary>
	#region Attribution
	/*
        Implementation based on the information contained here:
        http://www.cpcwiki.eu/index.php/765_FDC
        and here:
        http://www.cpcwiki.eu/imgs/f/f3/UPD765_Datasheet_OCRed.pdf
    */
	#endregion
	public partial class NECUPD765
	{
		#region Controller State

		/// <summary>
		/// Signs whether the drive is active
		/// </summary>
		public bool DriveLight;

		/// <summary>
		/// Collection of possible commands
		/// </summary>
		private List<Command> CommandList;

		/// <summary>
		/// State parameters relating to the Active command
		/// </summary>
		public CommandParameters ActiveCommandParams = new CommandParameters();

		/// <summary>
		/// The current active phase of the controller
		/// </summary>
		private Phase ActivePhase = Phase.Command;

		/// <summary>
		/// The currently active interrupt
		/// </summary>
		private InterruptState ActiveInterrupt = InterruptState.None;
		/// <summary>
		/// Command buffer
		/// This does not contain the initial command byte (only parameter bytes)
		/// </summary>
		private byte[] CommBuffer = new byte[9];

		/// <summary>
		/// Current index within the command buffer
		/// </summary>
		private int CommCounter = 0;

		/// <summary>
		/// Initial command byte flag
		/// Bit7  Multi Track (continue multi-sector-function on other head)
		/// </summary>
		private bool CMD_FLAG_MT;

		/// <summary>
		/// Initial command byte flag
		/// Bit6  MFM-Mode-Bit (Default 1=Double Density)
		/// </summary>
		private bool CMD_FLAG_MF;

		/// <summary>
		/// Initial command byte flag
		/// Bit5  Skip-Bit (set if secs with deleted DAM shall be skipped)
		/// </summary>
		private bool CMD_FLAG_SK;

		/// <summary>
		/// Step Rate Time (supplied via the specify command)
		/// SRT stands for the steooino rate for the FDD ( 1 to 16 ms in 1 ms increments). 
		/// Stepping rate applies to all drives(FH= 1ms, EH= 2ms, etc.).
		/// </summary>
		private int SRT;

		/// <summary>
		/// Keeps track of the current SRT state
		/// </summary>
		private int SRT_Counter;

		/// <summary>
		/// Head Unload Time (supplied via the specify command)
		/// HUT stands for the head unload time after a Read or Write operation has occurred 
		/// (16 to 240 ms in 16 ms Increments)
		/// </summary>
		private int HUT;

		/// <summary>
		/// Keeps track of the current HUT state
		/// </summary>
		private int HUT_Counter;

		/// <summary>
		/// Head load Time (supplied via the specify command)
		/// HLT stands for the head load time in the FDD (2 to 254 ms in 2 ms Increments)
		/// </summary>
		private int HLT;

		/// <summary>
		/// Keeps track of the current HLT state
		/// </summary>
		private int HLT_Counter;

		/// <summary>
		/// Non-DMA Mode (supplied via the specify command)
		/// ND stands for operation in the non-DMA mode
		/// </summary>
		private bool ND;

		/// <summary>
		/// In lieu of actual timing, this will count status reads in execution phase
		/// where the CPU hasnt actually read any bytes
		/// </summary>
		private int OverrunCounter;

		/// <summary>
		/// Contains result bytes in result phase
		/// </summary>
		private byte[] ResBuffer = new byte[7];

		/// <summary>
		/// Contains sector data to be written/read in execution phase
		/// </summary>
		private byte[] ExecBuffer = new byte[0x8000];

		/// <summary>
		/// Interrupt result buffer
		/// Persists (and returns when needed) the last result data when a sense interrupt status command happens
		/// </summary>
		private byte[] InterruptResultBuffer = new byte[2];

		/// <summary>
		/// Current index within the result buffer
		/// </summary>
		private int ResCounter = 0;

		/// <summary>
		/// The byte length of the currently active command
		/// This may or may not be the same as the actual command resultbytes value
		/// </summary>
		private int ResLength = 0;

		/// <summary>
		/// Index for sector data within the result buffer
		/// </summary>
		private int ExecCounter = 0;

		/// <summary>
		/// The length of the current exec command
		/// </summary>
		private int ExecLength = 0;

		/// <summary>
		/// The last write byte that was received during execution phase
		/// </summary>
		private byte LastSectorDataWriteByte = 0;

		/// <summary>
		/// The last read byte to be sent during execution phase
		/// </summary>
		private byte LastSectorDataReadByte = 0;

		/// <summary>
		/// The last parameter byte that was written to the FDC
		/// </summary>
		private byte LastByteReceived = 0;

		/// <summary>
		/// Delay for reading sector
		/// </summary>
		private int SectorDelayCounter = 0;

		/// <summary>
		/// The phyical sector ID
		/// </summary>
		private int SectorID = 0;

		/// <summary>
		/// Counter for index pulses
		/// </summary>
		private int IndexPulseCounter;

		/// <summary>
		/// Specifies the index of the currently selected command (in the CommandList)
		/// </summary>
		public int CMDIndex
		{
			get => _cmdIndex;
			set
			{
				_cmdIndex = value;
				ActiveCommand = CommandList[_cmdIndex];
			}
		}
		private int _cmdIndex;

		/// <summary>
		/// The currently active command
		/// </summary>
		private Command ActiveCommand;

		/// <summary>
		/// Main status register (accessed via reads to port 0x2ffd)
		/// </summary>
		/*
             b0..3  DB  FDD0..3 Busy (seek/recalib active, until succesful sense intstat)
             b4     CB  FDC Busy (still in command-, execution- or result-phase)
             b5     EXM Execution Mode (still in execution-phase, non_DMA_only)
             b6     DIO Data Input/Output (0=CPU->FDC, 1=FDC->CPU) (see b7)
             b7     RQM Request For Master (1=ready for next byte) (see b6 for direction)
        */
		private byte StatusMain;

		/// <summary>
		/// Status Register 0
		/// </summary>
		/*
            b0,1   US  Unit Select (driveno during interrupt)
            b2     HD  Head Address (head during interrupt)
            b3     NR  Not Ready (drive not ready or non-existing 2nd head selected)
            b4     EC  Equipment Check (drive failure or recalibrate failed (retry))
            b5     SE  Seek End (Set if seek-command completed)
            b6,7   IC  Interrupt Code (0=OK, 1=aborted:readfail/OK if EN, 2=unknown cmd
                    or senseint with no int occured, 3=aborted:disc removed etc.)
        */
		private byte Status0;

		/// <summary>
		/// Status Register 1
		/// </summary>
		/*
            b0     MA  Missing Address Mark (Sector_ID or DAM not found)
            b1     NW  Not Writeable (tried to write/format disc with wprot_tab=on)
            b2     ND  No Data (Sector_ID not found, CRC fail in ID_field)
            b3,6   0   Not used
            b4     OR  Over Run (CPU too slow in execution-phase (ca. 26us/Byte))
            b5     DE  Data Error (CRC-fail in ID- or Data-Field)
            b7     EN  End of Track (set past most read/write commands) (see IC)
        */
		private byte Status1;

		/// <summary>
		/// Status Register 2
		/// </summary>
		/*
            b0     MD  Missing Address Mark in Data Field (DAM not found)
            b1     BC  Bad Cylinder (read/programmed track-ID different and read-ID = FF)
            b2     SN  Scan Not Satisfied (no fitting sector found)
            b3     SH  Scan Equal Hit (equal)
            b4     WC  Wrong Cylinder (read/programmed track-ID different) (see b1)
            b5     DD  Data Error in Data Field (CRC-fail in data-field)
            b6     CM  Control Mark (read/scan command found sector with deleted DAM)
            b7     0   Not Used
        */
		private byte Status2;

		/// <summary>
		/// Status Register 3
		/// </summary>
		/*
            b0,1   US  Unit Select (pin 28,29 of FDC)
            b2     HD  Head Address (pin 27 of FDC)
            b3     TS  Two Side (0=yes, 1=no (!))
            b4     T0  Track 0 (on track 0 we are)
            b5     RY  Ready (drive ready signal)
            b6     WP  Write Protected (write protected)
            b7     FT  Fault (if supported: 1=Drive failure)
        */
		private byte Status3;

		#endregion

		#region UPD Internal Functions

		#region READ Commands

		/// <summary>
		/// Read Data
		/// COMMAND:    8 parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  Data transfer between FDD and FDC
		/// RESULT:     7 result bytes
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_ReadData()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:

					// store the parameter in the command buffer
					CommBuffer[CommCounter] = LastByteReceived;

					// process parameter byte
					ParseParamByteStandard(CommCounter);

					// increment command parameter counter
					CommCounter++;

					// was that the last parameter byte?
					if (CommCounter == ActiveCommand.ParameterByteCount)
					{
						// all parameter bytes received - setup for execution phase

						// clear exec buffer and status registers
						ClearExecBuffer();
						Status0 = 0;
						Status1 = 0;
						Status2 = 0;
						Status3 = 0;

						// temp sector index
						byte secIdx = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;

						// hack for when another drive (non-existent) is being called
						if (ActiveDrive.ID != 0)
							DiskDriveIndex = 0;

						// do we have a valid disk inserted?
						if (!ActiveDrive.FLAG_READY)
						{
							// no disk, no tracks or motor is not on
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR0_NR, ref Status0);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();
							//ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}

						int buffPos = 0;
						int sectorSize = 0;
						int maxTransferCap = 0;

						// calculate requested size of data required
						if (ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize == 0)
						{
							// When N=0, then DTL defines the data length which the FDC must treat as a sector. If DTL is smaller than the actual 
							// data length in a sector, the data beyond DTL in the sector is not sent to the Data Bus. The FDC reads (internally) 
							// the complete sector performing the CRC check and, depending upon the manner of command termination, may perform 
							// a Multi-Sector Read Operation.
							sectorSize = ActiveCommandParams.DTL;

							// calculate maximum transfer capacity
							if (!CMD_FLAG_MF)
								maxTransferCap = 3328;

							if (maxTransferCap == 0) { }
						}
						else
						{
							// When N is non - zero, then DTL has no meaning and should be set to ffh
							ActiveCommandParams.DTL = 0xFF;

							// calculate maximum transfer capacity
							switch (ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize)
							{
								case 1:
									if (CMD_FLAG_MF)
										maxTransferCap = 6656;
									else
										maxTransferCap = 3840;
									break;
								case 2:
									if (CMD_FLAG_MF)
										maxTransferCap = 7680;
									else
										maxTransferCap = 4096;
									break;
								case 3:
									if (CMD_FLAG_MF)
										maxTransferCap = 8192;
									else
										maxTransferCap = 4096;
									break;
							}

							sectorSize = 0x80 << ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize;
						}

						// get the current track
						var track = ActiveDrive.Disk.DiskTracks.FirstOrDefault(a => a.TrackNumber == ActiveDrive.CurrentTrackID);

						if (track == null || track.NumberOfSectors <= 0)
						{
							// track could not be found
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR0_NR, ref Status0);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();

							//ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}

						FloppyDisk.Sector sector = null;

						// sector read loop
						for (; ; )
						{
							bool terminate = false;

							// lookup the sector
							sector = GetSector();

							if (sector == null)
							{
								// sector was not found after two passes of the disk index hole
								SetBit(SR1_ND, ref Status1);
								SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
								UnSetBit(SR0_IC1, ref Status0);

								// result requires the actual track id, rather than the sector track id
								ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder = track.TrackNumber;

								CommitResultCHRN();
								CommitResultStatus();
								ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
								break;
							}

							// sector ID was found on this track

							// get status regs from sector
							Status1 = sector.Status1;
							Status2 = sector.Status2;

							// we don't need EN
							UnSetBit(SR1_EN, ref Status1);

							// If SK=1, the FDC skips the sector with the Deleted Data Address Mark and reads the next sector. 
							// The CRC bits in the deleted data field are not checked when SK=1
							if (CMD_FLAG_SK && Status2.Bit(SR2_CM))
							{
								if (ActiveCommandParams.Sector != ActiveCommandParams.EOT)
								{
									// increment the sector ID and search again
									ActiveCommandParams.Sector++;
									continue;
								}
								else
								{
									// no execution phase
									SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
									UnSetBit(SR0_IC1, ref Status0);

									// result requires the actual track id, rather than the sector track id
									ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder = track.TrackNumber;

									CommitResultCHRN();
									CommitResultStatus();
									ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
									break;
								}
							}

							// read the sector
							for (int i = 0; i < sector.DataLen; i++)
							{
								ExecBuffer[buffPos++] = sector.ActualData[i];
							}

							// mark the sector read
							sector.SectorReadCompleted();

							// any CRC errors?
							if (Status1.Bit(SR1_DE) || Status2.Bit(SR2_DD))
							{
								SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
								UnSetBit(SR0_IC1, ref Status0);
								terminate = true;
							}

							if (!CMD_FLAG_SK && Status2.Bit(SR2_CM))
							{
								// deleted address mark was detected with NO skip flag set
								ActiveCommandParams.EOT = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;
								SetBit(SR2_CM, ref Status2);
								SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
								UnSetBit(SR0_IC1, ref Status0);
								terminate = true;
							}

							if (sector.SectorID == ActiveCommandParams.EOT || terminate)
							{
								// this was the last sector to read
								// or termination requested

								SetBit(SR1_EN, ref Status1);

								int keyIndex = 0;
								for (int i = 0; i < track.Sectors.Length; i++)
								{
									if (track.Sectors[i].SectorID == sector.SectorID)
									{
										keyIndex = i;
										break;
									}
								}

								if (keyIndex == track.Sectors.Length - 1)
								{
									// last sector on the cylinder, set EN
									SetBit(SR1_EN, ref Status1);

									// increment cylinder
									ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder++;

									// reset sector
									ActiveCommandParams.Sector = sector.SectorID; // 1;
									ActiveDrive.SectorIndex = 0;
								}
								else
								{
									ActiveDrive.SectorIndex++;
								}

								UnSetBit(SR0_IC1, ref Status0);
								if (terminate)
									SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
								else
									UnSetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);

								SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);

								// result requires the actual track id, rather than the sector track id
								ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder = track.TrackNumber;

								CommitResultCHRN();
								CommitResultStatus();
								ActivePhase = Phase.Execution;
								break;
							}
							else
							{
								// continue with multi-sector read operation
								ActiveCommandParams.Sector++;
								//ActiveDrive.SectorIndex++;
							}
						}

						if (ActivePhase == Phase.Execution)
						{
							ExecLength = buffPos;
							ExecCounter = buffPos;

							DriveLight = true;
						}
					}

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:

					var index = ExecLength - ExecCounter;

					LastSectorDataReadByte = ExecBuffer[index];

					OverrunCounter--;
					ExecCounter--;

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Read Deleted Data
		/// COMMAND:    8 parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  Data transfer between the FDD and FDC
		/// RESULT:     7 result bytes
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_ReadDeletedData()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:
					// store the parameter in the command buffer
					CommBuffer[CommCounter] = LastByteReceived;

					// process parameter byte
					ParseParamByteStandard(CommCounter);

					// increment command parameter counter
					CommCounter++;

					// was that the last parameter byte?
					if (CommCounter == ActiveCommand.ParameterByteCount)
					{
						// all parameter bytes received - setup for execution phase

						// clear exec buffer and status registers
						ClearExecBuffer();
						Status0 = 0;
						Status1 = 0;
						Status2 = 0;
						Status3 = 0;

						// temp sector index
						byte secIdx = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;

						// do we have a valid disk inserted?
						if (!ActiveDrive.FLAG_READY)
						{
							// no disk, no tracks or motor is not on
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR0_NR, ref Status0);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();
							//ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}

						int buffPos = 0;
						int sectorSize = 0;
						int maxTransferCap = 0;
						if (maxTransferCap > 0) { }

						// calculate requested size of data required
						if (ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize == 0)
						{
							// When N=0, then DTL defines the data length which the FDC must treat as a sector. If DTL is smaller than the actual 
							// data length in a sector, the data beyond DTL in the sector is not sent to the Data Bus. The FDC reads (internally) 
							// the complete sector performing the CRC check and, depending upon the manner of command termination, may perform 
							// a Multi-Sector Read Operation.
							sectorSize = ActiveCommandParams.DTL;

							// calculate maximum transfer capacity
							if (!CMD_FLAG_MF)
								maxTransferCap = 3328;
						}
						else
						{
							// When N is non - zero, then DTL has no meaning and should be set to ffh
							ActiveCommandParams.DTL = 0xFF;

							// calculate maximum transfer capacity
							switch (ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize)
							{
								case 1:
									if (CMD_FLAG_MF)
										maxTransferCap = 6656;
									else
										maxTransferCap = 3840;
									break;
								case 2:
									if (CMD_FLAG_MF)
										maxTransferCap = 7680;
									else
										maxTransferCap = 4096;
									break;
								case 3:
									if (CMD_FLAG_MF)
										maxTransferCap = 8192;
									else
										maxTransferCap = 4096;
									break;
							}

							sectorSize = 0x80 << ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize;
						}

						// get the current track
						var track = ActiveDrive.Disk.DiskTracks.FirstOrDefault(a => a.TrackNumber == ActiveDrive.CurrentTrackID);

						if (track == null || track.NumberOfSectors <= 0)
						{
							// track could not be found
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR0_NR, ref Status0);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();

							//ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}

						FloppyDisk.Sector sector = null;

						// sector read loop
						for (; ; )
						{
							bool terminate = false;

							// lookup the sector
							sector = GetSector();

							if (sector == null)
							{
								// sector was not found after two passes of the disk index hole
								SetBit(SR1_ND, ref Status1);
								SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
								UnSetBit(SR0_IC1, ref Status0);

								// result requires the actual track id, rather than the sector track id
								ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder = track.TrackNumber;

								CommitResultCHRN();
								CommitResultStatus();
								ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
								break;
							}

							// sector ID was found on this track

							// get status regs from sector
							Status1 = sector.Status1;
							Status2 = sector.Status2;

							// we don't need EN
							UnSetBit(SR1_EN, ref Status1);

							// invert CM for read deleted data command
							if (Status2.Bit(SR2_CM))
								UnSetBit(SR2_CM, ref Status2);
							else
								SetBit(SR2_CM, ref Status2);

							// skip flag is set and no DAM found
							if (CMD_FLAG_SK && Status2.Bit(SR2_CM))
							{
								if (ActiveCommandParams.Sector != ActiveCommandParams.EOT)
								{
									// increment the sector ID and search again
									ActiveCommandParams.Sector++;
									continue;
								}
								else
								{
									// no execution phase
									SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
									UnSetBit(SR0_IC1, ref Status0);

									// result requires the actual track id, rather than the sector track id
									ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder = track.TrackNumber;

									CommitResultCHRN();
									CommitResultStatus();
									ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
									break;
								}
							}
							// we can read this sector
							else
							{
								// if DAM is not set this will be the last sector to read
								if (Status2.Bit(SR2_CM))
								{
									ActiveCommandParams.EOT = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;
								}

								if (!CMD_FLAG_SK && !Status2.Bit(SR2_CM) &&
									ActiveDrive.Disk.Protection == ProtectionType.PaulOwens)
								{
									ActiveCommandParams.EOT = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;
									SetBit(SR2_CM, ref Status2);
									SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
									UnSetBit(SR0_IC1, ref Status0);
									terminate = true;
								}

								// read the sector
								for (int i = 0; i < sectorSize; i++)
								{
									ExecBuffer[buffPos++] = sector.ActualData[i];
								}

								// mark the sector read
								sector.SectorReadCompleted();

								if (sector.SectorID == ActiveCommandParams.EOT)
								{
									// this was the last sector to read

									SetBit(SR1_EN, ref Status1);

									int keyIndex = 0;
									for (int i = 0; i < track.Sectors.Length; i++)
									{
										if (track.Sectors[i].SectorID == sector.SectorID)
										{
											keyIndex = i;
											break;
										}
									}

									if (keyIndex == track.Sectors.Length - 1)
									{
										// last sector on the cylinder, set EN
										SetBit(SR1_EN, ref Status1);

										// increment cylinder
										ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder++;

										// reset sector
										ActiveCommandParams.Sector = 1;
										ActiveDrive.SectorIndex = 0;
									}
									else
									{
										ActiveDrive.SectorIndex++;
									}

									UnSetBit(SR0_IC1, ref Status0);
									if (terminate)
										SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
									else
										UnSetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);

									SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);

									// result requires the actual track id, rather than the sector track id
									ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder = track.TrackNumber;

									// remove CM (appears to be required to defeat Alkatraz copy protection)
									UnSetBit(SR2_CM, ref Status2);

									CommitResultCHRN();
									CommitResultStatus();
									ActivePhase = Phase.Execution;
									break;
								}
								else
								{
									// continue with multi-sector read operation
									ActiveCommandParams.Sector++;
									//ActiveDrive.SectorIndex++;
								}
							}
						}

						if (ActivePhase == Phase.Execution)
						{
							ExecLength = buffPos;
							ExecCounter = buffPos;
							DriveLight = true;
						}
					}
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:
					var index = ExecLength - ExecCounter;

					LastSectorDataReadByte = ExecBuffer[index];

					OverrunCounter--;
					ExecCounter--;

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Read Diagnostic (read track)
		/// COMMAND:    8 parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  Data transfer between FDD and FDC. FDC reads all data fields from index hole to EDT
		/// RESULT:     7 result bytes
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_ReadDiagnostic()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:

					// store the parameter in the command buffer
					CommBuffer[CommCounter] = LastByteReceived;

					// process parameter byte
					ParseParamByteStandard(CommCounter);

					// increment command parameter counter
					CommCounter++;

					// was that the last parameter byte?
					if (CommCounter == ActiveCommand.ParameterByteCount)
					{
						// all parameter bytes received - setup for execution phase

						// clear exec buffer and status registers
						ClearExecBuffer();
						Status0 = 0;
						Status1 = 0;
						Status2 = 0;
						Status3 = 0;

						// temp sector index
						byte secIdx = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;

						// do we have a valid disk inserted?
						if (!ActiveDrive.FLAG_READY)
						{
							// no disk, no tracks or motor is not on
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR0_NR, ref Status0);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();
							//ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}

						int buffPos = 0;
						int sectorSize = 0;
						int maxTransferCap = 0;
						if (maxTransferCap > 0) { }

						// calculate requested size of data required
						if (ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize == 0)
						{
							// When N=0, then DTL defines the data length which the FDC must treat as a sector. If DTL is smaller than the actual 
							// data length in a sector, the data beyond DTL in the sector is not sent to the Data Bus. The FDC reads (internally) 
							// the complete sector performing the CRC check and, depending upon the manner of command termination, may perform 
							// a Multi-Sector Read Operation.
							sectorSize = ActiveCommandParams.DTL;

							// calculate maximum transfer capacity
							if (!CMD_FLAG_MF)
								maxTransferCap = 3328;
						}
						else
						{
							// When N is non - zero, then DTL has no meaning and should be set to ffh
							ActiveCommandParams.DTL = 0xFF;

							// calculate maximum transfer capacity
							switch (ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize)
							{
								case 1:
									if (CMD_FLAG_MF)
										maxTransferCap = 6656;
									else
										maxTransferCap = 3840;
									break;
								case 2:
									if (CMD_FLAG_MF)
										maxTransferCap = 7680;
									else
										maxTransferCap = 4096;
									break;
								case 3:
									if (CMD_FLAG_MF)
										maxTransferCap = 8192;
									else
										maxTransferCap = 4096;
									break;
							}

							sectorSize = 0x80 << ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize;
						}

						// get the current track
						var track = ActiveDrive.Disk.DiskTracks.FirstOrDefault(a => a.TrackNumber == ActiveDrive.CurrentTrackID);

						if (track == null || track.NumberOfSectors <= 0)
						{
							// track could not be found
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR0_NR, ref Status0);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();

							//ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}

						//FloppyDisk.Sector sector = null;
						ActiveDrive.SectorIndex = 0;

						int secCount = 0;

						// read the whole track
						for (int i = 0; i < track.Sectors.Length; i++)
						{
							if (secCount >= ActiveCommandParams.EOT)
							{
								break;
							}

							var sec = track.Sectors[i];
							for (int b = 0; b < sec.ActualData.Length; b++)
							{
								ExecBuffer[buffPos++] = sec.ActualData[b];
							}

							// mark the sector read
							sec.SectorReadCompleted();

							// end of sector - compare IDs
							if (sec.TrackNumber != ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder ||
								sec.SideNumber != ActiveCommandParams.Head ||
								sec.SectorID != ActiveCommandParams.Sector ||
								sec.SectorSize != ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize)
							{
								SetBit(SR1_ND, ref Status1);
							}

							secCount++;
							ActiveDrive.SectorIndex = i;
						}

						if (secCount == ActiveCommandParams.EOT)
						{
							// this was the last sector to read
							// or termination requested

							int keyIndex = 0;
							for (int i = 0; i < track.Sectors.Length; i++)
							{
								if (track.Sectors[i].SectorID == track.Sectors[ActiveDrive.SectorIndex].SectorID)
								{
									keyIndex = i;
									break;
								}
							}

							if (keyIndex == track.Sectors.Length - 1)
							{
								// last sector on the cylinder, set EN
								SetBit(SR1_EN, ref Status1);

								// increment cylinder
								ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder++;

								// reset sector
								ActiveCommandParams.Sector = 1;
								ActiveDrive.SectorIndex = 0;
							}
							else
							{
								ActiveDrive.SectorIndex++;
							}

							UnSetBit(SR0_IC1, ref Status0);
							UnSetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();
							ActivePhase = Phase.Execution;
						}

						if (ActivePhase == Phase.Execution)
						{
							ExecLength = buffPos;
							ExecCounter = buffPos;

							DriveLight = true;
						}
					}

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:

					var index = ExecLength - ExecCounter;

					LastSectorDataReadByte = ExecBuffer[index];

					OverrunCounter--;
					ExecCounter--;

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Read ID
		/// COMMAND:    1 parameter byte
		/// EXECUTION:  The first correct ID information on the cylinder is stored in the data register
		/// RESULT:     7 result bytes
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_ReadID()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:

					// store the parameter in the command buffer
					CommBuffer[CommCounter] = LastByteReceived;

					// process parameter byte
					ParseParamByteStandard(CommCounter);

					// increment command parameter counter
					CommCounter++;

					// was that the last parameter byte?
					if (CommCounter == ActiveCommand.ParameterByteCount)
					{
						DriveLight = true;

						// all parameter bytes received
						ClearResultBuffer();
						Status0 = 0;
						Status1 = 0;
						Status2 = 0;
						Status3 = 0;

						// set unit select
						//SetUnitSelect(ActiveDrive.ID, ref Status0);

						// HD should always be 0
						UnSetBit(SR0_HD, ref Status0);

						if (!ActiveDrive.FLAG_READY)
						{
							// no disk, no tracks or motor is not on
							// it is at this point the +3 detects whether a disk is present
							// if not (and after another readid and SIS) it will eventually proceed to loading from tape
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR0_NR, ref Status0);

							// setup the result buffer
							ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;
							for (int i = 1; i < 7; i++)
								ResBuffer[i] = 0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}

						var track = ActiveDrive.Disk.DiskTracks.FirstOrDefault(a => a.TrackNumber == ActiveDrive.CurrentTrackID);

						if (track != null && track.NumberOfSectors > 0 && track.TrackNumber != 0xff)
						{
							// formatted track

							// is the index out of bounds?
							if (ActiveDrive.SectorIndex >= track.NumberOfSectors)
							{
								// reset the index
								ActiveDrive.SectorIndex = 0;
							}

							if (ActiveDrive.SectorIndex == 0 && ActiveDrive.Disk.DiskTracks[ActiveDrive.CurrentTrackID].Sectors.Length > 1)
							{
								// looks like readid always skips the first sector on a track
								ActiveDrive.SectorIndex++;
							}

							// read the sector data
							var data = track.Sectors[ActiveDrive.SectorIndex]; //.GetCHRN();
							ResBuffer[RS_C] = data.TrackNumber;
							ResBuffer[RS_H] = data.SideNumber;
							ResBuffer[RS_R] = data.SectorID;
							ResBuffer[RS_N] = data.SectorSize;

							ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// check for DAM & CRC
							//if (data.Status2.Bit(SR2_CM))
							//SetBit(SR2_CM, ref ResBuffer[RS_ST2]);


							// increment the current sector
							ActiveDrive.SectorIndex++;

							// is the index out of bounds?
							if (ActiveDrive.SectorIndex >= track.NumberOfSectors)
							{
								// reset the index
								ActiveDrive.SectorIndex = 0;
							}
						}
						else
						{
							// unformatted track?
							CommitResultCHRN();

							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;
							ResBuffer[RS_ST1] = 0x01;
						}

						ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
					}

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		#endregion

		#region WRITE Commands

		/// <summary>
		/// Write Data
		/// COMMAND:    8 parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  Data transfer between FDC and FDD
		/// RESULT:     7 result bytes
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_WriteData()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:

					// store the parameter in the command buffer
					CommBuffer[CommCounter] = LastByteReceived;

					// process parameter byte
					ParseParamByteStandard(CommCounter);

					// increment command parameter counter
					CommCounter++;

					// was that the last parameter byte?
					if (CommCounter == ActiveCommand.ParameterByteCount)
					{
						// all parameter bytes received - setup for execution phase

						// clear exec buffer and status registers
						ClearExecBuffer();
						Status0 = 0;
						Status1 = 0;
						Status2 = 0;
						Status3 = 0;

						// temp sector index
						byte secIdx = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;

						// hack for when another drive (non-existent) is being called
						if (ActiveDrive.ID != 0)
							DiskDriveIndex = 0;

						// do we have a valid disk inserted?
						if (!ActiveDrive.FLAG_READY)
						{
							// no disk, no tracks or motor is not on
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR0_NR, ref Status0);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();
							//ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}

						// check write protect tab
						if (ActiveDrive.FLAG_WRITEPROTECT)
						{
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR1_NW, ref Status1);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();
							//ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}
						else
						{

							// calculate the number of bytes to write
							int byteCounter = 0;
							byte startSecID = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;
							byte endSecID = ActiveCommandParams.EOT;
							bool lastSec = false;

							// get the first sector
							var track = ActiveDrive.Disk.DiskTracks[ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder];
							//int secIndex = 0;
							for (int s = 0; s < track.Sectors.Length; s++)
							{
								if (track.Sectors[s].SectorID == endSecID)
									lastSec = true;

								for (int i = 0; i < 0x80 << ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize; i++)
								{
									byteCounter++;

									if (i == (0x80 << ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize) - 1 && lastSec)
									{
										break;
									}
								}

								if (lastSec)
									break;
							}

							ExecCounter = byteCounter;
							ExecLength = byteCounter;
							ActivePhase = Phase.Execution;
							DriveLight = true;
							break;
						}
					}

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:

					var index = ExecLength - ExecCounter;

					ExecBuffer[index] = LastSectorDataWriteByte;

					OverrunCounter--;
					ExecCounter--;

					if (ExecCounter <= 0)
					{
						int cnt = 0;

						// all data received
						byte startSecID = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;
						byte endSecID = ActiveCommandParams.EOT;
						bool lastSec = false;
						var track = ActiveDrive.Disk.DiskTracks[ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder];
						//int secIndex = 0;

						for (int s = 0; s < track.Sectors.Length; s++)
						{
							if (cnt == ExecLength)
								break;

							ActiveCommandParams.Sector = track.Sectors[s].SectorID;

							if (track.Sectors[s].SectorID == endSecID)
								lastSec = true;

							int size = 0x80 << track.Sectors[s].SectorSize;

							for (int d = 0; d < size; d++)
							{
								track.Sectors[s].SectorData[d] = ExecBuffer[cnt++];
							}

							if (lastSec)
								break;
						}

						SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
						SetBit(SR1_EN, ref Status1);

						CommitResultCHRN();
						CommitResultStatus();
					}

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Write ID (format write)
		/// COMMAND:    5 parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  Entire track is formatted
		/// RESULT:     7 result bytes
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_WriteID()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:

					// store the parameter in the command buffer
					CommBuffer[CommCounter] = LastByteReceived;

					// process parameter byte
					ParseParamByteStandard(CommCounter);

					// increment command parameter counter
					CommCounter++;

					// was that the last parameter byte?
					if (CommCounter == ActiveCommand.ParameterByteCount)
					{
						// all parameter bytes received - setup for execution phase
						DriveLight = true;

						// clear exec buffer and status registers
						ClearExecBuffer();
						Status0 = 0;
						Status1 = 0;
						Status2 = 0;
						Status3 = 0;

						// temp sector index
						byte secIdx = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;

						// hack for when another drive (non-existent) is being called
						if (ActiveDrive.ID != 0)
							DiskDriveIndex = 0;

						// do we have a valid disk inserted?
						if (!ActiveDrive.FLAG_READY)
						{
							// no disk, no tracks or motor is not on
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR0_NR, ref Status0);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();
							//ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}

						// check write protect tab
						if (ActiveDrive.FLAG_WRITEPROTECT)
						{
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR1_NW, ref Status1);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();
							//ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}
						else
						{
							// not implemented yet
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR1_NW, ref Status1);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();
							//ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}
					}

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Write Deleted Data
		/// COMMAND:    8 parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  Data transfer between FDC and FDD
		/// RESULT:     7 result bytes
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_WriteDeletedData()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:

					// store the parameter in the command buffer
					CommBuffer[CommCounter] = LastByteReceived;

					// process parameter byte
					ParseParamByteStandard(CommCounter);

					// increment command parameter counter
					CommCounter++;

					// was that the last parameter byte?
					if (CommCounter == ActiveCommand.ParameterByteCount)
					{
						// all parameter bytes received - setup for execution phase

						// clear exec buffer and status registers
						ClearExecBuffer();
						Status0 = 0;
						Status1 = 0;
						Status2 = 0;
						Status3 = 0;

						// temp sector index
						byte secIdx = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;

						// hack for when another drive (non-existent) is being called
						if (ActiveDrive.ID != 0)
							DiskDriveIndex = 0;

						// do we have a valid disk inserted?
						if (!ActiveDrive.FLAG_READY)
						{
							// no disk, no tracks or motor is not on
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR0_NR, ref Status0);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();
							//ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}

						// check write protect tab
						if (ActiveDrive.FLAG_WRITEPROTECT)
						{
							SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
							SetBit(SR1_NW, ref Status1);

							CommitResultCHRN();
							CommitResultStatus();
							//ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;

							// move to result phase
							ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
							break;
						}
						else
						{

							// calculate the number of bytes to write
							int byteCounter = 0;
							byte startSecID = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;
							byte endSecID = ActiveCommandParams.EOT;
							bool lastSec = false;

							// get the first sector
							var track = ActiveDrive.Disk.DiskTracks[ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder];
							//int secIndex = 0;
							for (int s = 0; s < track.Sectors.Length; s++)
							{
								if (track.Sectors[s].SectorID == endSecID)
									lastSec = true;

								for (int i = 0; i < 0x80 << ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize; i++)
								{
									byteCounter++;

									if (i == (0x80 << ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize) - 1 && lastSec)
									{
										break;
									}
								}

								if (lastSec)
									break;
							}

							ExecCounter = byteCounter;
							ExecLength = byteCounter;
							ActivePhase = Phase.Execution;
							DriveLight = true;
							break;
						}
					}

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:

					var index = ExecLength - ExecCounter;

					ExecBuffer[index] = LastSectorDataWriteByte;

					OverrunCounter--;
					ExecCounter--;

					if (ExecCounter <= 0)
					{
						int cnt = 0;

						// all data received
						byte startSecID = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;
						byte endSecID = ActiveCommandParams.EOT;
						bool lastSec = false;
						var track = ActiveDrive.Disk.DiskTracks[ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder];
						//int secIndex = 0;

						for (int s = 0; s < track.Sectors.Length; s++)
						{
							if (cnt == ExecLength)
								break;

							ActiveCommandParams.Sector = track.Sectors[s].SectorID;

							if (track.Sectors[s].SectorID == endSecID)
								lastSec = true;

							int size = 0x80 << track.Sectors[s].SectorSize;

							for (int d = 0; d < size; d++)
							{
								track.Sectors[s].SectorData[d] = ExecBuffer[cnt++];
							}

							if (lastSec)
								break;
						}

						SetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
						SetBit(SR1_EN, ref Status1);

						CommitResultCHRN();
						CommitResultStatus();
					}

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		#endregion

		#region SCAN Commands

		/// <summary>
		/// Scan Equal
		/// COMMAND:    8 parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  Data compared between the FDD and FDC
		/// RESULT:     7 result bytes
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_ScanEqual()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Scan Low or Equal
		/// COMMAND:    8 parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  Data compared between the FDD and FDC
		/// RESULT:     7 result bytes
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_ScanLowOrEqual()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Scan High or Equal
		/// COMMAND:    8 parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  Data compared between the FDD and FDC
		/// RESULT:     7 result bytes
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_ScanHighOrEqual()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		#endregion

		#region OTHER Commands

		/// <summary>
		/// Specify
		/// COMMAND:    2 parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  NO execution phase
		/// RESULT:     NO result phase
		/// 
		/// Looks like specify command returns status 0x80 throughout its lifecycle
		/// so CB is NOT set
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_Specify()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:

					// store the parameter in the command buffer
					CommBuffer[CommCounter] = LastByteReceived;

					// process parameter byte
					byte currByte = CommBuffer[CommCounter];
					BitArray bi = new BitArray(new byte[] { currByte });

					switch (CommCounter)
					{
						// SRT & HUT
						case 0:
							SRT = 16 - (currByte >> 4) & 0x0f;
							HUT = (currByte & 0x0f) << 4;
							if (HUT == 0)
							{
								HUT = 255;
							}
							break;
						// HLT & ND
						case 1:
							if (bi[0])
								ND = true;
							else
								ND = false;

							HLT = currByte & 0xfe;
							if (HLT == 0)
							{
								HLT = 255;
							}
							break;
					}

					// increment command parameter counter
					CommCounter++;

					// was that the last parameter byte?
					if (CommCounter == ActiveCommand.ParameterByteCount)
					{
						// all parameter bytes received
						ActivePhase = Phase.Idle;
					}

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Seek
		/// COMMAND:    2 parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  Head is positioned over proper cylinder on disk
		/// RESULT:     NO result phase
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_Seek()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:
					// store the parameter in the command buffer
					CommBuffer[CommCounter] = LastByteReceived;

					// process parameter byte
					byte currByte = CommBuffer[CommCounter];
					switch (CommCounter)
					{
						case 0:
							ParseParamByteStandard(CommCounter);
							break;
						case 1:
							ActiveDrive.SeekingTrack = currByte;
							break;
					}

					// increment command parameter counter
					CommCounter++;

					// was that the last parameter byte?
					if (CommCounter == ActiveCommand.ParameterByteCount)
					{
						// all parameter bytes received
						DriveLight = true;
						ActivePhase = Phase.Execution;
						ActiveCommand.CommandDelegate();
					}
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:
					// set seek flag
					ActiveDrive.SeekStatus = SEEK_SEEK;

					if (ActiveDrive.CurrentTrackID == CommBuffer[CM_C])
					{
						// we are already on the correct track
						ActiveDrive.SectorIndex = 0;
					}
					else
					{
						// immediate seek
						ActiveDrive.CurrentTrackID = CommBuffer[CM_C];

						ActiveDrive.SectorIndex = 0;

						if (ActiveDrive.Disk.DiskTracks[ActiveDrive.CurrentTrackID].Sectors.Length > 1)
						{
							// always read the first sector
							//ActiveDrive.SectorIndex++;
						}
					}

					// skip execution mode and go directly to idle
					// result is determined by SIS command
					ActivePhase = Phase.Idle;
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Recalibrate (seek track 0)
		/// COMMAND:    1 parameter byte
		/// EXECUTION:  Head retracted to track 0
		/// RESULT:     NO result phase
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_Recalibrate()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:
					// store the parameter in the command buffer
					CommBuffer[CommCounter] = LastByteReceived;

					// process parameter byte
					ParseParamByteStandard(CommCounter);

					// increment command parameter counter
					CommCounter++;

					// was that the last parameter byte?
					if (CommCounter == ActiveCommand.ParameterByteCount)
					{
						// all parameter bytes received
						DriveLight = true;
						ActivePhase = Phase.Execution;
						ActiveCommand.CommandDelegate();
					}
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:

					// immediate recalibration
					ActiveDrive.TrackIndex = 0;
					ActiveDrive.SectorIndex = 0;

					// recalibrate appears to always skip the first sector
					//if (ActiveDrive.Disk.DiskTracks[ActiveDrive.TrackIndex].Sectors.Length > 1)
					//ActiveDrive.SectorIndex++;

					// set seek flag
					ActiveDrive.SeekStatus = SEEK_RECALIBRATE;

					// skip execution mode and go directly to idle
					// result is determined by SIS command
					ActivePhase = Phase.Idle;
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Sense Interrupt Status
		/// COMMAND:    NO parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  NO execution phase
		/// RESULT:     2 result bytes
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_SenseInterruptStatus()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:
					// SIS should return 2 bytes if sucessfully sensed an interrupt
					// 1 byte otherwise

					// it seems like the +3 ROM makes 3 SIS calls for each seek/recalibrate call for some reason
					// possibly one for each drive???
					// 1 - the interrupt is acknowleged with ST0 = 32 and track number
					// 2 - second sis returns 1 ST0 byte with 192
					// 3 - third SIS call returns standard 1 byte 0x80 (unknown cmd or SIS with no interrupt occured)
					// for now I will assume that the first call is aimed at DriveA, the second at DriveB (which we are NOT implementing)

					// check active drive first
					if (ActiveDrive.SeekStatus == SEEK_RECALIBRATE ||
						ActiveDrive.SeekStatus == SEEK_SEEK)
					{
						// interrupt has been raised for this drive
						// acknowledge
						ActiveDrive.SeekStatus = SEEK_IDLE;// SEEK_INTACKNOWLEDGED;

						// result length 2
						ResLength = 2;

						// first byte ST0 0x20
						Status0 = 0x20;
						ResBuffer[0] = Status0;
						// second byte is the current track id
						ResBuffer[1] = ActiveDrive.CurrentTrackID;
					}
					/*
                    else if (ActiveDrive.SeekStatus == SEEK_INTACKNOWLEDGED)
                    {
                        // DriveA interrupt has already been acknowledged
                        ActiveDrive.SeekStatus = SEEK_IDLE;

                        ResLength = 1;
                        Status0 = 192;
                        ResBuffer[0] = Status0;
                    }
                    */
					else if (ActiveDrive.SeekStatus == SEEK_IDLE)
					{
						// SIS with no interrupt
						ResLength = 1;
						Status0 = 0x80;
						ResBuffer[0] = Status0;
					}

					ActivePhase = Phase.Result;

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Sense Drive Status
		/// COMMAND:    1 parameter byte
		/// EXECUTION:  NO execution phase
		/// RESULT:     1 result byte
		/// 
		/// The ZX spectrum appears to only specify drive 1 as the parameter byte, NOT drive 0
		/// After the final param byte is received main status changes to 0xd0
		/// Data register (ST3) result is 0x51 if drive/disk not available
		/// 0x71 if disk is present in 2nd drive
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_SenseDriveStatus()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:
					// store the parameter in the command buffer
					CommBuffer[CommCounter] = LastByteReceived;

					// process parameter byte
					ParseParamByteStandard(CommCounter);

					// increment command parameter counter
					CommCounter++;

					// was that the last parameter byte?
					if (CommCounter == ActiveCommand.ParameterByteCount)
					{
						// all parameter bytes received
						ActivePhase = Phase.Execution;
						UPD_SenseDriveStatus();
					}
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:
					// one ST3 byte required

					// set US
					Status3 = (byte)ActiveDrive.ID;

					if (Status3 != 0)
					{
						// we only support 1 drive
						SetBit(SR3_FT, ref Status3);
					}
					else
					{
						// HD - only one side
						UnSetBit(SR3_HD, ref Status3);

						// write protect
						if (ActiveDrive.FLAG_WRITEPROTECT)
							SetBit(SR3_WP, ref Status3);

						// track 0
						if (ActiveDrive.FLAG_TRACK0)
							SetBit(SR3_T0, ref Status3);

						// rdy
						if (ActiveDrive.Disk != null)
							SetBit(SR3_RY, ref Status3);
					}

					ResBuffer[0] = Status3;
					ActivePhase = Phase.Result;

					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Version
		/// COMMAND:    NO parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  NO execution phase
		/// RESULT:     1 result byte
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_Version()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				case Phase.Idle:
				case Phase.Command:
				case Phase.Execution:
				case Phase.Result:
					UPD_Invalid();
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Invalid
		/// COMMAND:    NO parameter bytes
		/// EXECUTION:  NO execution phase
		/// RESULT:     1 result byte
		/// </summary>
		private void UPD_Invalid()
		{
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC is waiting for a command byte
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Idle:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Receiving command parameter bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Command:
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  FDC in execution phase reading/writing bytes
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Execution:
					// no execution phase
					ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
					UPD_Invalid();
					break;

				//----------------------------------------
				//  Result bytes being sent to CPU
				//----------------------------------------
				case Phase.Result:
					ResBuffer[0] = 0x80;
					break;
			}
		}

		#endregion

		#endregion

		#region Controller Methods

		/// <summary>
		/// Called when a status register read is required
		/// This can be called at any time
		/// The main status register appears to be queried nearly all the time
		/// so needs to be kept updated. It keeps the CPU informed of the current state
		/// </summary>
		private byte ReadMainStatus()
		{
			SetBit(MSR_RQM, ref StatusMain);

			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				case Phase.Idle:
					UnSetBit(MSR_DIO, ref StatusMain);
					UnSetBit(MSR_CB, ref StatusMain);
					UnSetBit(MSR_EXM, ref StatusMain);
					break;
				case Phase.Command:
					UnSetBit(MSR_DIO, ref StatusMain);
					SetBit(MSR_CB, ref StatusMain);
					UnSetBit(MSR_EXM, ref StatusMain);
					break;
				case Phase.Execution:
					if (ActiveCommand.Direction == CommandDirection.OUT)
						SetBit(MSR_DIO, ref StatusMain);
					else
						UnSetBit(MSR_DIO, ref StatusMain);

					SetBit(MSR_EXM, ref StatusMain);
					SetBit(MSR_CB, ref StatusMain);

					// overrun detection                    
					OverrunCounter++;
					if (OverrunCounter >= 64)
					{
						// CPU has read the status register 64 times without reading the data register
						// switch the current command into result phase
						ActivePhase = Phase.Result;

						// reset the overun counter
						OverrunCounter = 0;
					}

					break;
				case Phase.Result:
					SetBit(MSR_DIO, ref StatusMain);
					SetBit(MSR_CB, ref StatusMain);
					UnSetBit(MSR_EXM, ref StatusMain);
					break;
			}

			//if (!CheckTiming())
			//{
			//    UnSetBit(MSR_EXM, ref StatusMain);
			//}

			return StatusMain;
		}

		//private int testCount = 0;
		/// <summary>
		/// Handles CPU reading from the data register
		/// </summary>
		private byte ReadDataRegister()
		{
			// default return value
			byte res = 0xff;

			// check RQM flag status
			if (!GetBit(MSR_RQM, StatusMain))
			{
				// FDC is not ready to return data
				return res;
			}

			// check active direction
			if (!GetBit(MSR_DIO, StatusMain))
			{
				// FDC is expecting to receive, not send data
				return res;
			}

			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				case Phase.Execution:
					// reset overrun counter
					OverrunCounter = 0;

					// execute read
					ActiveCommand.CommandDelegate();

					res = LastSectorDataReadByte;

					if (ExecCounter <= 0)
					{
						// end of execution phase
						ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
					}

					return res;

				case Phase.Result:

					DriveLight = false;

					ActiveCommand.CommandDelegate();

					// result byte reading
					res = ResBuffer[ResCounter];

					// increment result counter
					ResCounter++;

					if (ResCounter >= ResLength)
					{
						ActivePhase = Phase.Idle;
					}

					break;
			}

			return res;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Handles CPU writing to the data register
		/// </summary>
		private void WriteDataRegister(byte data)
		{
			if (!GetBit(MSR_RQM, StatusMain) || GetBit(MSR_DIO, StatusMain))
			{
				// FDC will not receive and process any bytes
				return;
			}

			// store the incoming byte
			LastByteReceived = data;

			// process incoming bytes
			switch (ActivePhase)
			{
				//// controller is idle awaiting the first command byte of a new instruction
				case Phase.Idle:
					ParseCommandByte(data);
					break;
				//// we are in command phase
				case Phase.Command:
					// attempt to process this parameter byte
					//ProcessCommand(data);      
					ActiveCommand.CommandDelegate();
					break;
				//// we are in execution phase
				case Phase.Execution:
					// CPU is going to be sending data bytes to the FDC to be written to disk

					// store the byte
					LastSectorDataWriteByte = data;
					ActiveCommand.CommandDelegate();

					if (ExecCounter <= 0)
					{
						// end of execution phase
						ActivePhase = Phase.Result;
					}

					break;
				//// result phase
				case Phase.Result:
					// data register will not receive bytes during result phase
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Processes the first command byte (within a command instruction)
		/// Returns TRUE if successful. FALSE if otherwise
		/// Called only in idle phase
		/// </summary>
		private bool ParseCommandByte(byte cmdByte)
		{
			// clear counters
			CommCounter = 0;
			ResCounter = 0;

			// get the first 4 bytes
			byte cByte = (byte)(cmdByte & 0x0f);

			// get MT, MD and SK states
			CMD_FLAG_MT = cmdByte.Bit(7);
			CMD_FLAG_MF = cmdByte.Bit(6);
			CMD_FLAG_SK = cmdByte.Bit(5);

			cmdByte = cByte;

			// lookup the command
			var cmd = CommandList.FirstOrDefault(a => a.CommandCode == cmdByte);

			if (cmd == null)
			{
				// no command found - use invalid
				CMDIndex = CommandList.Count() - 1;
			}
			else
			{
				// valid command found
				CMDIndex = CommandList.FindIndex(a => a.CommandCode == cmdByte);

				// check validity of command byte flags
				// if a flag is set but not valid for this command then it is invalid
				bool invalid = false;

				if (!ActiveCommand.MT)
					if (CMD_FLAG_MT)
						invalid = true;
				if (!ActiveCommand.MF)
					if (CMD_FLAG_MF)
						invalid = true;
				if (!ActiveCommand.SK)
					if (CMD_FLAG_SK)
						invalid = true;

				if (invalid)
				{
					// command byte included spurious bit 5,6 or 7 flags
					CMDIndex = CommandList.Count() - 1;
				}

				/*
                if ((CMD_FLAG_MF && !ActiveCommand.MF) ||
                    (CMD_FLAG_MT && !ActiveCommand.MT) ||
                    (CMD_FLAG_SK && !ActiveCommand.SK))
                {
                    // command byte included spurious bit 5,6 or 7 flags
                    CMDIndex = CommandList.Count() - 1;
                }
                */
			}

			CommCounter = 0;
			ResCounter = 0;

			// there will now be an active command set
			// move to command phase
			ActivePhase = Phase.Command;

			/*
            // check for invalid SIS
            if (ActiveInterrupt == InterruptState.None && CMDIndex == CC_SENSE_INTSTATUS)
            {
                CMDIndex = CC_INVALID;
                //ActiveCommand.CommandDelegate(InstructionState.StartResult);
            }
            */

			// set reslength
			ResLength = ActiveCommand.ResultByteCount;

			// if there are no expected param bytes to receive - go ahead and run the command
			if (ActiveCommand.ParameterByteCount == 0)
			{
				ActivePhase = Phase.Execution;
				ActiveCommand.CommandDelegate();
			}

			return true;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Parses the first 5 command argument bytes that are of the standard format
		/// </summary>
		private void ParseParamByteStandard(int index)
		{
			byte currByte = CommBuffer[index];
			BitArray bi = new BitArray(new byte[] { currByte });

			switch (index)
			{
				// HD & US
				case CM_HEAD:
					if (bi[2])
						ActiveCommandParams.Side = 1;
					else
						ActiveCommandParams.Side = 0;

					ActiveCommandParams.UnitSelect = (byte)(GetUnitSelect(currByte));
					DiskDriveIndex = ActiveCommandParams.UnitSelect;
					break;

				// C
				case CM_C:
					ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder = currByte;
					break;

				// H
				case CM_H:
					ActiveCommandParams.Head = currByte;
					break;

				// R
				case CM_R:
					ActiveCommandParams.Sector = currByte;
					break;

				// N
				case CM_N:
					ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize = currByte;
					break;

				// EOT
				case CM_EOT:
					ActiveCommandParams.EOT = currByte;
					break;

				// GPL
				case CM_GPL:
					ActiveCommandParams.Gap3Length = currByte;
					break;

				// DTL
				case CM_DTL:
					ActiveCommandParams.DTL = currByte;
					break;

				default:
					break;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Clears the result buffer
		/// </summary>
		public void ClearResultBuffer()
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < ResBuffer.Length; i++)
			{
				ResBuffer[i] = 0;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Clears the result buffer
		/// </summary>
		public void ClearExecBuffer()
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < ExecBuffer.Length; i++)
			{
				ExecBuffer[i] = 0;
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Populates the result status registers
		/// </summary>
		private void CommitResultStatus()
		{
			// check for read diag
			if (ActiveCommand.CommandCode == 0x02)
			{
				// commit to result buffer
				ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;
				ResBuffer[RS_ST1] = Status1;
				return;
			}

			// check for error bits
			if (GetBit(SR1_DE, Status1) ||
				GetBit(SR1_MA, Status1) ||
				GetBit(SR1_ND, Status1) ||
				GetBit(SR1_NW, Status1) ||
				GetBit(SR1_OR, Status1) ||
				GetBit(SR2_BC, Status2) ||
				GetBit(SR2_CM, Status2) ||
				GetBit(SR2_DD, Status2) ||
				GetBit(SR2_MD, Status2) ||
				GetBit(SR2_SN, Status2) ||
				GetBit(SR2_WC, Status2))
			{
				// error bits set - unset end of track
				UnSetBit(SR1_EN, ref Status1);
			}

			// check for data errors
			if (GetBit(SR1_DE, Status1) ||
				GetBit(SR2_DD, Status2))
			{
				// unset control mark
				UnSetBit(SR2_CM, ref Status2);
			}
			else if (GetBit(SR2_CM, Status2))
			{
				// DAM found - unset IC and US0
				UnSetBit(SR0_IC0, ref Status0);
				UnSetBit(SR0_US0, ref Status0);
			}

			// commit to result buffer
			ResBuffer[RS_ST0] = Status0;
			ResBuffer[RS_ST1] = Status1;
			ResBuffer[RS_ST2] = Status2;

		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Populates the result CHRN values
		/// </summary>
		private void CommitResultCHRN()
		{
			ResBuffer[RS_C] = ActiveCommandParams.Cylinder;
			ResBuffer[RS_H] = ActiveCommandParams.Head;
			ResBuffer[RS_R] = ActiveCommandParams.Sector;
			ResBuffer[RS_N] = ActiveCommandParams.SectorSize;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Moves active phase into idle
		/// </summary>
		public void SetPhase_Idle()
		{
			ActivePhase = Phase.Idle;

			// active direction
			UnSetBit(MSR_DIO, ref StatusMain);
			// CB
			UnSetBit(MSR_CB, ref StatusMain);
			// RQM
			SetBit(MSR_RQM, ref StatusMain);

			CommCounter = 0;
			ResCounter = 0;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Moves to result phase
		/// </summary>
		public void SetPhase_Result()
		{
			ActivePhase = Phase.Result;

			// active direction
			SetBit(MSR_DIO, ref StatusMain);
			// CB
			SetBit(MSR_CB, ref StatusMain);
			// RQM
			SetBit(MSR_RQM, ref StatusMain);
			// EXM
			UnSetBit(MSR_EXM, ref StatusMain);

			CommCounter = 0;
			ResCounter = 0;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Moves to command phase
		/// </summary>
		public void SetPhase_Command()
		{
			ActivePhase = Phase.Command;

			// default 0x80 - just RQM
			SetBit(MSR_RQM, ref StatusMain);
			UnSetBit(MSR_DIO, ref StatusMain);
			UnSetBit(MSR_CB, ref StatusMain);
			UnSetBit(MSR_EXM, ref StatusMain);
			CommCounter = 0;
			ResCounter = 0;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Moves to execution phase
		/// </summary>
		public void SetPhase_Execution()
		{
			ActivePhase = Phase.Execution;

			// EXM
			SetBit(MSR_EXM, ref StatusMain);
			// CB
			SetBit(MSR_CB, ref StatusMain);
			// RQM
			UnSetBit(MSR_RQM, ref StatusMain);

			CommCounter = 0;
			ResCounter = 0;
		}

		#endregion
	}
}