BizHawk/BizHawk.Common/OSTailoredCode.cs

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

#if EXE_PROJECT
namespace EXE_PROJECT // Use a different namespace so the executable can still use this class' members without an implicit dependency on the BizHawk.Common library, and without resorting to code duplication.
#else
namespace BizHawk.Common
#endif
{
	public static class OSTailoredCode
	{
		/// <remarks>macOS doesn't use <see cref="PlatformID.MacOSX">PlatformID.MacOSX</see></remarks>
		public static readonly DistinctOS CurrentOS = Environment.OSVersion.Platform == PlatformID.Unix
			? SimpleSubshell("uname", "-s", "Can't determine OS") == "Darwin" ? DistinctOS.macOS : DistinctOS.Linux
			: DistinctOS.Windows;

		private static readonly Lazy<ILinkedLibManager> _LinkedLibManager = new Lazy<ILinkedLibManager>(() =>
		{
			switch (CurrentOS)
			{
				case DistinctOS.Linux:
				case DistinctOS.macOS:
					return new UnixMonoLLManager();
				case DistinctOS.Windows:
					return new WindowsLLManager();
				default:
					throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
			}
		});

		public static ILinkedLibManager LinkedLibManager => _LinkedLibManager.Value;

		/// <remarks>this interface's inheritors hide OS-specific implementation details</remarks>
		public interface ILinkedLibManager
		{
			IntPtr? LoadOrNull(string dllToLoad);
			IntPtr LoadOrThrow(string dllToLoad);
			IntPtr GetProcAddr(IntPtr hModule, string procName); //TODO also split into nullable and throwing?
			int FreeByPtr(IntPtr hModule);
		}

		/// <remarks>This class is copied from a tutorial, so don't git blame and then email me expecting insight.</remarks>
		private class UnixMonoLLManager : ILinkedLibManager
		{
			private const int RTLD_NOW = 2;
			[DllImport("libdl.so.2")]
			private static extern int dlclose(IntPtr handle);
			[DllImport("libdl.so.2")]
			private static extern IntPtr dlerror();
			[DllImport("libdl.so.2")]
			private static extern IntPtr dlopen(string fileName, int flags);
			[DllImport("libdl.so.2")]
			private static extern IntPtr dlsym(IntPtr handle, string symbol);

			public IntPtr GetProcAddr(IntPtr hModule, string procName)
			{
				dlerror();
				var res = dlsym(hModule, procName);
				var errPtr = dlerror();
				if (errPtr != IntPtr.Zero) throw new InvalidOperationException($"error in {nameof(dlsym)}: {Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(errPtr)}");
				return res;
			}

			public int FreeByPtr(IntPtr hModule) => dlclose(hModule);

			public IntPtr? LoadOrNull(string dllToLoad)
			{
				var p = dlopen(dllToLoad, RTLD_NOW);
				return p == IntPtr.Zero ? default(IntPtr?) : p;
			}

			public IntPtr LoadOrThrow(string dllToLoad)
			{
				var p = LoadOrNull(dllToLoad);
				if (!p.HasValue) throw new InvalidOperationException($"got null pointer from {nameof(dlopen)}, error: {Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(dlerror())}");
				return p.Value;
			}
		}

		private class WindowsLLManager : ILinkedLibManager
		{
			// comments reference extern functions removed from SevenZip.NativeMethods
			[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
			private static extern bool FreeLibrary(IntPtr hModule); // return type was annotated MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)
			[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
			private static extern uint GetLastError();
			[DllImport("kernel32.dll")] // had BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true
			private static extern IntPtr GetProcAddress(IntPtr hModule, string procName); // param procName was annotated `[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)]`
			[DllImport("kernel32.dll")] // had BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true
			private static extern IntPtr LoadLibrary(string dllToLoad); // param dllToLoad was annotated `[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)]`

			public IntPtr GetProcAddr(IntPtr hModule, string procName) => GetProcAddress(hModule, procName);

			public int FreeByPtr(IntPtr hModule) => FreeLibrary(hModule) ? 1 : 0;

			public IntPtr? LoadOrNull(string dllToLoad)
			{
				var p = LoadLibrary(dllToLoad);
				return p == IntPtr.Zero ? default(IntPtr?) : p;
			}

			public IntPtr LoadOrThrow(string dllToLoad)
			{
				var p = LoadOrNull(dllToLoad);
				if (!p.HasValue) throw new InvalidOperationException($"got null pointer from {nameof(LoadLibrary)}, error code: {GetLastError()}");
				return p.Value;
			}
		}

		public enum DistinctOS : byte
		{
			Linux,
			macOS,
			Windows
		}

		/// <param name="cmd">POSIX <c>$0</c></param>
		/// <param name="args">POSIX <c>$*</c> (space-delimited)</param>
		/// <param name="checkStdout">stdout is discarded if false</param>
		/// <param name="checkStderr">stderr is discarded if false</param>
		/// <remarks>OS is implicit and needs to be checked at callsite. Returned <see cref="Process"/> has not been started.</remarks>
		public static Process ConstructSubshell(string cmd, string args, bool checkStdout = true, bool checkStderr = false) =>
			new Process {
				StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo {
					Arguments = args,
					CreateNoWindow = true,
					FileName = cmd,
					RedirectStandardError = checkStderr,
					RedirectStandardInput = true,
					RedirectStandardOutput = checkStdout,
					UseShellExecute = false
				}
			};

		/// <param name="cmd">POSIX <c>$0</c></param>
		/// <param name="args">POSIX <c>$*</c> (space-delimited)</param>
		/// <param name="noOutputMsg">used in exception</param>
		/// <returns>first line of stdout</returns>
		/// <exception cref="Exception">thrown if stdout is empty</exception>
		/// <remarks>OS is implicit and needs to be checked at callsite</remarks>
		public static string SimpleSubshell(string cmd, string args, string noOutputMsg)
		{
			using (var proc = ConstructSubshell(cmd, args))
			{
				proc.Start();
				var stdout = proc.StandardOutput;
				if (stdout.EndOfStream) throw new Exception($"{noOutputMsg} ({cmd} wrote nothing to stdout)");
				return stdout.ReadLine();
			}
		}
	}
}